Sunday, August 25, 2019

Process Modeling, Simulation and Optimization for Process Industrial Engineering




Manufacturing Simulation


What is manufacturing simulation?

Manufacturing simulation is the computer-based modeling of a real production system. Simulation allows organizations in the manufacturing industry to analyze and experiment with their processes in a virtual setting, reducing the time and cost requirements associated with physical testing. Inventory, assembly, transportation and production can be assessed within a simulation model, resulting in information that can preserve or improve value at the lowest possible cost.
Why simulate manufacturing?
The need for efficiency in the manufacturing industry has never been greater, with material, transportation and labor costs continuing to rise each year. Successful companies need to ensure that the costs associated with time, equipment and investments are being considered and optimized. At its core, manufacturing simulation is an inexpensive, risk-free way to test anything from simple revisions to complete redesigns, always with the purpose of meeting production goals at the lowest possible cost. Simulation also provides a means to test and implement principles of lean manufacturing and Six Sigma. And unlike spreadsheet-based analysis and forecasting, manufacturing simulation offers a quick and efficient means to adjust parameters and re-simulate,saving valuable time and hastening results.

What is manufacturing simulation?

Manufacturing process simulation software uses animated, interactive models to replicate the operation of an existing or proposed production system. Simulation enables organizations to analyze manufacturing system efficiency and safely test process changes to improve throughput and profitability.

Using a drag and drop interface, you can quickly build a virtual representation of a manufacturing system, similar to drawing a flowchat. The simulation can then be used to highlight problems, experiment with process changes and run a range of ‘what-if’ scenarios. This allows you to find solutions that will deliver the best results for your business, without risk to current production output or capital investment.

Simulation is also more accurate and flexible than traditional manufacturing process modeling methods, like spreadsheets, as it incorporates the random events and variability that can impact day-to-day factory flow and throughput, such as equipment downtime or staff absence.

Facing increasingly complex production systems, as well as technological, economic and competitive challenges, over half the world’s top manufacturers rely on SIMUL8 simulation software to build stronger business cases and make confident, evidence-based decisions about their capabilities.




Flexsim


What is FlexSim?
FlexSim is powerful yet easy-to-use software for simulation. A comprehensive and innovative simulation engine is hidden behind drag and drop controls, drop-down lists and many other intuitive features that make it accessible for anyone to experiment with a model. All simulation models are created to scale and are presented using 3D visuals, so it becomes easy to view and recognize bottlenecks in the production line or other deficiencies within the system. FlexSim also gives decision makers the tools to confirm their observations, with impressive statistical reporting and analysis built right into the software.

Why simulate with FlexSim?
Answer important questions – Manufacturing simulation with FlexSim can answer important questions that manufacturing executives face every day. Just a few examples:

Would additional equipment in the manufacturing plant increase throughput or create an unforeseen bottleneck?
Would adding another process still allow the facility to meet production goals?
Can we identify and minimize the causes of defects?
Full 3D simulation – Take a leap out of the outdated, flat simulation environment and into something better. FlexSim brings a better visual experience to the world of simulation models, providing rich 3D objects to make your simulation look more realistic. 3D simulation modeling brings the model to life, and aids in communication and discourse for staff members at all levels.

Easy to use, yet powerful – FlexSim presents user-friendly tools like drop-down menus and drag and drop functionality that allow beginners to build and test models in just minutes, with no background in computer coding. And with a bit of practice in FlexSim’s intuitive Logic Builder, or by using some basic commands, users can get the most out of this extensible and powerful simulation engine.
https://www.flexsim.com/manufacturing-simulation/


Simul8


Why do manufacturers use SIMUL8?

Our simulation software combines ease of use with powerful features to help manufacturers to make rapid, profitable process improvement decisions.

Who uses SIMUL8?
Over half of the world's top 100 manufacturing organizations already use SIMUL8 to improve their processes including Toyota, Samsung Electronics, Ford, The Coca-Cola Company, ArcelorMittal, GlaxoSmithKline and Airbus.
https://www.simul8.com/manufacturing/

Anylogic


Decisions regarding manufacturing development, optimization, or reorganization are driven by many factors and are often costly, with the benefits hard to justify before implementation.

Traditionally, decisions are made based upon intuition and experience, sometimes with the support of spreadsheet tools. These approaches can be risky and are unnecessary in decision making today.

Simulation is a powerful technique for analyzing manufacturing systems, evaluating the impact of system changes, and for making informed decisions.

Specific processes and strategies, such as JIT or Lean, can be modeled and simulated in manufacturing simulation software. This enables effective analysis, and provides an efficient way to experiment and reduce the costs of testing in the real world.

Process simulation software, AnyLogic gives you the power to get the most from your manufacturing.

Using process simulation software is key to the detailed analysis and effective operation of your organization.
https://www.anylogic.com/manufacturing/


Arena


Manufacturing Simulation Software
Arena simulation software enables manufacturing organizations to increase throughput, identify process bottlenecks, improve logistics and evaluate potential process changes.  With Arena you can model and analyze process flow, packaging systems, job routing, inventory control, warehousing, distribution and staffing requirements.

Learn More About Plant Simulation
Learn More About Manufacturing Process Optimization
Learn More About Lean / Six Sigma
Learn More About Assembly Line Simulation
https://www.arenasimulation.com/industry-solutions/industry/manufacturing-simulation-software


ProcessModel



ProcessModel Manufacturing Simulation Software
We are the leader in Process Manufacturing Simulation

World’s leading manufacturing organizations use ProcessModel manufacturing simulation software to analyze different scenarios, test them and implement process changes that eliminate bottlenecks and waste, optimize resources and increase throughput to meet demand.

https://www.processmodel.com/manufacturing/


Saturday, August 24, 2019

Double Loop Optimization - Creative Industrial Engineering - Mathematical and Statistical Optimization




Double Loop Optimization - Don't depend on Mathematicians and Statisticians alone to optimize your systems.

At every review of systems to improve productivity, industrial engineers have to first do creative engineering redesign and then do mathematical and statistical optimization.

https://www.reliableplant.com/Read/13215/inventory-optimization




In the 1970s, Harvard professor, Chris Argyris recognized the Double Loop Learning  phenomena in many fields of management. Professor Argyris describes as "Single Loop Learning" the optimization done with the existing set of  constraints identified in the existing method or system.

To achieve breakthrough improvements in any field, Professor Argyris argues that you need what he calls Double Loop Learning. In "Double Loop Learning" you need to  challenge the constraints and assumptions inherent in the existing method, system or  thinking.

Industrial engineers procedure is inherently double look optimization First improve engineering of the system. Then do mathematical and statistical optimization.


Updated on 25 August 2019, 21 July 2018

Industrial Engineering Books - Best Books Recommendations



2019

Advances in Human Factors and Systems Interaction
2019 Conference Proceedings
Isabel L. Nunes
https://books.google.co.in/books?id=CpebDwAAQBAJ

2018

The Story of Industrial Engineering: The Rise from Shop-Floor Management to Modern Digital Engineering
Adedeji B. Badiru
CRC Press, 09-Nov-2018 - Technology & Engineering - 176 pages

Industrial engineering is the profession dedicated to making collective systems function better with less waste  and fewer resources, to serve the needs of society more efficiently.  This book uses a story-telling approach to advocate and elaborate the fundamental principles of industrial engineering in a simple, interesting, and engaging format. It will stimulate interest in industrial engineering and its application to various branches of engineering.

Features

Covers the origin of industrial engineering
Discusses the early pioneers and profiles the evolution of the profession
Presents offshoot branches of industrial engineering
Illustrates specific areas of performance measurement and human factors
Links industrial engineering to the emergence of digital engineering
Uses the author’s personal experience to illustrate his advocacy and interest in the profession
https://books.google.co.in/books?id=fuZ3DwAAQBAJ


Revival - Efficiency Methods (1917): An Introduction to Scientific Management
Margaret Mackillop, Alister D. Mackillop
The book is a collection of essays to introduce efficiency engineering methods being used in USA to industrialists and business men in England. It is republished in 2018,
https://books.google.co.in/books?id=BetTDwAAQBAJ



2014

Process Improvement Handbook: A Blueprint for Managing Change and Increasing Organizational Performance
Tristan Boutros, Tim Purdie
ISBN: 9780071817660
Publication Date & Copyright: 2014 McGraw-Hill Education
https://www.accessengineeringlibrary.com/content/book/9780071817660


2013
Reducing Process Costs with Lean, Six Sigma, and Value Engineering Techniques
Kim H. Pries, Jon M. Quigley
CRC Press, 2013 - Business & Economics - 365 pages
https://books.google.co.in/books?id=KuHWNrxmShsC


1989

A Study of the Toyota Production System: From an Industrial Engineering Viewpoint
Shigeo Shingo, Andrew P. Dillon
CRC Press, 01-Oct-1989 - Business & Economics - 296 pages

It is a must reading for all industrial engineers.

This is the first book in English on JIT  written from the industrial engineer's viewpoint and explains how IE tools are used in Toyota Production System (TPS). When Omark Industries bought 500 copies and studied it companywide, Omark became the American pioneer in JIT.

Here is Dr. Shingo's classic industrial engineering rationale for the development of TPS.  He explains the basic mechanisms of the Toyota production system, examines production as a functional network of processes and operations, and then discusses the mechanism necessary to make JIT possible in any manufacturing plant.

Provides original source material on Just-ln-Time
Demonstrates new ways to think about profit, inventory, waste, and productivity
Explains the principles of leveling, standard work procedures, multi-machine handling, supplier relations, and others which are innovations of TPS based on IE.
https://books.google.co.in/books?id=RKWU7WElJ7oC


Updated on 25 August 2019, 29 June 2019

Friday, August 23, 2019

The Birth of Lean - Koichi Shimokawa - 2012 - Book Information


The Birth of Lean: Conversations with Taiichi Ohno, Eiji Toyoda, and Other Figures who Shaped Toyota Management


Koichi Shimokawa (Editor), Takahiro Fujimoto (Editor)

Lean Enterprise Institute, 04-Mar-2012 - Business & Economics - 300 pages
This is an honest look at the origins of lean, written in the words of the people who created the system. Through interviews and annotated talks, you will hear first-person accounts of what these innovators and problem-solvers did and why they did it. You'll read rare, personal commentaries that explain the interplay of (sometimes opposing) ideas that created a revolution in thinking.

Google Book Link with Preview Facility
http://books.google.co.in/books?id=SDYLbXoW_EcC


Interesting explanations by Ohno in the book. The call by Toyoda to catch up the with American Productivity was there in this book also.  Page 7


Table of Contents


Preface

Introduction

Chapter 1 How it all began - Taiichi Ohno

https://books.google.co.in/books?id=SDYLbXoW_EcC&pg=PT17#v=onepage&q&f=false

Chapter 2. What I learned from Taiichi Ohno - Michikazu Tanaka

Chapter 3. Putting a Pull System in Place at Toyota - Kikuo Suzumura

Chapter 4. The Evolution of Buffering at Toyota - Kaneyoshi Kusunoki

Chapter 5. Total Quality Control and the Toyota Production System - Masao Nemoto

Chapter 6. The Guiding Management Perspective - Eiji Toyoda

Afterword


Interesting Points and Thoughts

The pursuit of higher efficiency ended in the United States in the early 1930s, and only wages kept raising after that. (p.1)




Updated 24 August 2019, 1 Sep 2015
First published  24 August 2013

Industrial Engineering in German - Wirtschaftsingenieurwesen



Wirtschaftsingenieurwesen - Industrial engineering

Wirtschaftsingenieure  - Industrial engineers

Produktivität -  productivity

Arbeitsstudium - Work study

Steigerung von  productivitat  Increase of productivity

with high productivity: hochproduktiv/ Produktivität (german)
https://www.dict.cc/german-english/hochproduktiv.html


Productivity management 





Productivity management is a methodical approach to industrial engineering with the overall objective of controlling and improving productivity .  Productivity metrics (standards) are defined and collected in the context of productivity management. These form the basis for measuring and presenting productivity development over the long term.  In the event of deviations from the standard, countermeasures can be taken in good time. The operational improvement of productivity and the management-oriented collection of the results and analysis are linked by an iterative control loop .

In English literature,  Productivity Management in the context of Industrial Engineering was described in a publication by Sumanth. Besides approaches to improving productivity, the management process is described, which includes the steps of measurement, evaluation, planning . The process of productivity management is also described by  Sink  and includes the steps of planning, organizing , managing , controlling and adjusting . In Germany, productivity management was first considered in more detail in the publication at the beginning of the 1990s by. Dorner and Stowasser's Industrial Engineering Productivity Management model [4]. It identifies four key steps of the control loop:

Productivity planning with strategic and operational planning
Management-based control with organization, staffing and leadership
Implementation for productivity improvement with process design, control of personnel deployment, incident management and employee leadership
Productivity control with the target / actual comparison of the productivity indicator

The basics for collecting this measure of labor productivity required for controlling are shown in Bokranz and Landau [5] . Productivity management to track productivity is now being used successfully in many manufacturing companies. A comprehensive presentation of the introduction and application of a productivity management in a mechanical engineering company is described in practice by Sauter and von Killisch-Horn [6] . It mentions five modules for the concept of Productivity Management : the Objectives Module, the Methods Module, the Organization Module, the Shopfloor Module, and the Controlling and Change Management module. For productivity tracking, a productivity indicator is collected. This consists in the numerator of the production output multiplied by a weighting factor and the denominator of the total attendance hours of the employees. The default time is used as the weighting factor, which is determined using time-based industrial engineering methods. With regard to the introduction of industrial engineering productivity management in a company, Sauter and Killisch-Horn [6] listed the following steps:

Implementation of potential audits and review of work and time management
Target definition for the organizational structure
Organizational structure of the Industrial Engineering employees
Qualification of employees for work and time management
Implementation of methods and tools (eg MTM , REFA , Productivity Tracking Tool and Employment Accounting)
Securing work and time management and productivity management




Literature
Stowasser, S. (2011). Productivity management as a core task of modern work organization and industrial engineering. Journal of Ergonomics, 65 (1), 63-66.
Dorner, M. (2014). The productivity management of industrial engineering with special consideration of labor productivity and indirect areas. Dissertation. Karlsruher Institute for Technology.
Single proofs
 Dorner, M., & Stowasser, S. (2012). The productivity management of industrial engineering. Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft, 66 (2-3), p. 223
 Sumanth, DJ (1984). Productivity Engineering and Management. New York: McGraw-Hill
 Sink, DS (1985). Productivity Management: Planning, Measurement and Evaluation, Control and Improvement. New York: John Wiley & Sons
 Dorner, M., & Stowasser, S. (2012). The productivity management of industrial engineering. Journal of Ergonomics, 66 (2-3), 212-225
Bokranz, R., & Landau, K. (2006). Productivity management of work systems. Stuttgart: Schäffer Poeschel
 Sauter, M., Killisch-Horn, G. von (2011). Productivity Management in a Versatile Production. Bergisch-Gladbach: Heider Verlag
 Scharpf, M. (2008). Productivity Management in the German Pension Insurance. Berlin: LiT-Verlag


Magazine

https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=de&u=https://www.der-wirtschaftsingenieur.de/index.php/page/4/



Steigerung von flexibilitat und productivitat  chapter 10 in

Fertigungstechnik für Wirtschaftsingenieure (Production technology for Industrial engineers)
Year: 2016
Publisher: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG
Reinhard Koether, Wolfgang Rau


Read More: https://www.hanser-elibrary.com/doi/abs/10.3139/9783446449909.010

Industrial Engineering - German Wikipedia article
https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=de&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirtschaftsingenieurwesen

AN ASSOCIATION OF ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS WITH COURSES IN INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

Thursday, August 22, 2019

Introducing and Implementing the Toyota Production System - Shiego Shingo - Japanese Industrial Engineering


Japanese Industrial Engineering - Introducing and Implementing the Toyota Production System


Shiego Shingo - Taiichi Ohno



Background

The basic adherence to subtracted-cost principle is needed. Consumer sets the selling price for the expected sales quantity and the company can only increase profit by lowering costs by eliminating waste from the product as well as production and distribution process.

To reduce costs, Toyota's main thrust is on reducing the total inventory related cost by reducing lot sizes and safety stock rationally. The other major thrust is on increasing human resource productivity by reducing its role in running machines. Machines are made more automatic and intelligent to detect defects and stop.

One Year Schedule for TPS Implementation


Figure 40 in Shiego Shingo's Book


Jan - Feb - Study sessions and tours to plants having TPS

Feb - April Use of SMED

March - May - Use of Poka Yoke

March - April - Layout Improvement

April - June - Cushion Inventory Method

April - May - One worker, multiple machines

May - July - Small lot production

May - December - Flow operation, One-piece flow operation

June - October - Preautomation

July - December - Divided production method

Sep - Dec - Kanban

Dec - Mix production - leveling


Source

Chapter 12 Shiego Shingo

Toyota Production System Industrial Engineering - Shigeo Shingo - TPS IE Part 2
http://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2013/12/toyota-production-system-industrial.html

Toyota Production System Industrial Engineering - Foundation of Toyota Production System TPS IE Part 1
http://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2014/02/industrial-engineering-foundation-of.html


Updated on 22 August 2019, 9 September 2014

Monday, August 12, 2019

KERALA STATE PRODUCTIVITY COUNCIL (KSPC)



Productivity Promotes Prosperity

http://kspconline.com/

KERALA STATE PRODUCTIVITY COUNCIL (KSPC)
 Productivity House, P.B No: 08,
H.M.T Road, Kalamassery,
Cochin - 683 104, Kerala, India.
 + 91 484 2555526, 2555367, 2532107
 mail@kspconline.com
FAX: + 91 484 2532107