Prof. Narayana Rao K.V.S.S.
Machine Utilization Principle of Industrial Engineering - Prof. Ralph Barnes
1. Few people advocate using human labor to do work that can be done better and cheaper by machines.
2. It is suggested that the best manual method and the best combination of manual and machine method (mechanized) be developed and used as a basis for evaluating a proposed automated process.
(Restated as: Compare best manual method, mechanized method and automated method for each element of an operation and choose the best.)
3. If a large-volume fairly complex job is to be considered, a comparison would be of the estimated cost to do each element of each suboperation manually, or in machanized way, or automatically.
Ralph Barnes is the first PhD in Industrial Engineering. He wrote the popular text, Motion and Time Study.
In his book. Prof. Barnes clearly stated that process-operation improvement for productivity increase has to consider doing an element of sub-operation of an operation in the process using various combinations of human effort, machine effort, and automated system effort. The best combination that provides highest productivity and lowest cost is to be selected.
Barnes was clear that his book focused only on human effort. It is a book on motion study. He stated that motion and time study is only part of industrial engineering. Industrial engineering in the productivity improvement domain itself has many more tasks. Improving the machine effort and automatic systems effort is clearly evident. All industrial engineers know that the flow process chart representation of the process depicts processing operation, inspection operation, transport operation, temporary delays and storage. Temporary delays are planning and control problems. Storage activity falls into a different area altogether.
In the discipline of industrial engineering, pioneers, Taylor and Gilbreth, identified the role of machine and man in engineering work, especially the production or construction work. Taylor developed the subject in both areas. But Gilbreth's focus was to a large extent on human effort. It is to be noted that Gilbreth developed number mechanical support devices for construction workers. It is Gilbreth who gave us the process chart and identified many activities to be depicted in the process chart. The subsequent modifications gave us the five step charts.
Maynard and Barnes are second generation industrial engineers following the first generation pioneers Taylor, Gilbreth, Emerson, Gantt etc.
We may see third generation industrial engineering contributors in Groover, Wysk, Sumanth etc.
The contributions of Groover and Wysk are in the area of mechanization and automation. Industrial engineering discipline has not integrated the contribution of Groover and Wysk and many more industrial engineering researchers in the areas of mechanization and automation appropriately into the curriculum and body of knowledge. The discipline has even recognized adequately that industrial engineering is applicable to all branches of engineering. The contribution of Groover and Wysk is in the area of manufacturing that too, it may be predominantly in machining.
Principles of Industrial Engineering (Narayana Rao, 2017, IISE) clearly bring out the role of machines and automation in industrial engineering and also point out the role of human effort in engineering systems and hence their importance in industrial engineering which is primarily focus on improving engineering systems over their life cycle.
Prof. Mikell Groover, Professor of Industrial Engineering, Lehigh University
Groover presented relevant content for improving processing, inspection, transport, and storage in his book "Automation, Production Systems and Computer Integrated Manufacturing."
Automation, Production Systems, and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing - Groover - Book Information
Prof. Richard A. Wysk
Wysk has also written number of books and authored number of paper in the area of manufacturing. But it is interesting to highlight his focus on lean manufacturing which is basically eliminating temporary delays in the process.
Improving Production with Lean Thinking
Javier Santos, Richard A. Wysk, Jose M. Torres
https://books.google.co.in/books/about/Improving_Production_with_Lean_Thinking.html?id=hiPPBwAAQBAJ
(C) Narayana Rao K.V.S.S. Narayana Rao 2020
4 October 2020
Richard Wysk
https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=6OIxzqMAAAAJ&hl=en
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Richard_Wysk
Modern Manufacturing Process Engineering
Benjamin W. Niebel, Alan B. Draper, Richard A. Wysk
McGraw-Hill, 1989 - Technology & Engineering - 986 pages
https://books.google.co.in/books/about/Modern_Manufacturing_Process_Engineering.html?id=POpTAAAAMAAJ
Computer-aided Manufacturing
Tien-Chien Chang, Richard A. Wysk, Hsu-Pin Wang
Prentice Hall, 1991 - Technology & Engineering - 674 pages
An in-depth introduction to CIM and flexible or programmable manufacturing systems from product design to manufacturing control.
https://books.google.co.in/books/about/Computer_aided_Manufacturing.html?id=9exTAAAAMAAJ
Computer-aided Manufacturing
Tien-Chien Chang, Richard A. Wysk, Hsu-Pin Wang
Pearson Prentice Hall, 2006 - Technology & Engineering - 670 pages
Using a strong science-based and analytical approach, this book provides a modern description of CAM from an engineering perspective to include design specification, process engineering, and production. The Third Edition of Computer Integrated Manufacturing includes new material on CAD drafting, 3D CAD, surface modeling, solid modeling, feature-based modeling, variational and parametric modeling, tools for PLC logic design, and kinematics of NC machines. New chapters include “Geometric Tolerancing,” “Geometric Modeling,” “Statistical-Based Process Engineering,” “Fundamentals of Industrial Control,” and “Rapid Prototyping.” A valuable resource for any professional who needs to stay ahead of the latest issues and technology related to computer-aided design and manufacturing
https://books.google.co.in/books/about/Computer_aided_Manufacturing.html?id=DAJUAAAAMAAJ
Consideration of Human Operators in Designing Manufacturing Systems
By Namhun Kim and Richard A. Wysk
Published: May 16th 2012
https://www.intechopen.com/books/manufacturing-system/consideration-of-human-operators-in-designing-manufacturing-systems
Improving Production with Lean Thinking
Javier Santos, Richard A. Wysk, Jose M. Torres
John Wiley & Sons, 24-Mar-2015 - Technology & Engineering - 264 pages
This book encompasses the science and analytical background for improving manufacturing, control, and design. It covers specific methodologies and tools for:
* Material flow and facilities layout, including a six step layout design process
* The design of cellular layouts
* Analyzing and improving equipment efficiency, including Poka-Yoke, motion study, maintenance, SMED, and more
* Working conditions improvements, including 5S implementation
It has real-life case studies of successful European and American approaches to lean manufacturing, It bridges the gap between production/manufacturing and supply chain techniques and provides a detailed roadmap to improved factory performance.
https://books.google.co.in/books/about/Improving_Production_with_Lean_Thinking.html?id=hiPPBwAAQBAJ
Courses on Mechanization and Automation
COURSE: MECHANIZATION AND AUTOMATIZATION OF POSTAL SERVICES
Course title Mechanization and Automatization of Postal Services
Level of course Bachelor
Year of study 1
Semester Winter
Lecturer(s)
Švadlenka Libor, doc. Ing. Ph.D.
Course content
Mechanization and Automation of Technological Processes. Development of Mechanization and Automation in the Postal Services. Small and Medium Mechanization of the Postal Services I. Small and Medium Mechanization of the Postal Services II. Machine Processing of Letter Post I. Machine Processing of Letter Post II. Mechanized Processing of Packages I. Mechanized Processing of Packages II. Systems Providing Internal Transportation Packages in Sorting Centers. Automatic Identification Technology in the Postal Sector. The Informatization of Processes in the Field of Postal Services and the Provision of Electronic Services.
Learning activities and teaching methods
Monologic (reading, lecture, briefing), Dialogic (discussion, interview, brainstorming), Monitoring
unspecified - 25 hours per semester
unspecified - 30 hours per semester
unspecified - 16 hours per semester
Individual project - 20 hours per semester
unspecified - 10 hours per semester
unspecified - 20 hours per semester
Learning outcomes
Inform the students with principles of mechanization and automatization of postal services.
After graduation this subject the student has complex summary about mechanical and automation instruments needing for security efficient process of providing postal services. The student is able to orientate in offer available instruments of little and middle mechanization with their function and construction, understand technology of process mechanical treatment of correspondence and mechanized treatment of packets, informatization processes and electronic services for postal traffic, electronic services providing postal operators. The student understands mathematics-physical fundamental of mechanical-automation processes necessary for treatment of postal packets.
Prerequisites
It supposed elementary knowledge secondary mathematic operation, rules and functions, elementary quantity of statistic, kinematic and dynamic.
Assessment methods and criteria
Oral examination, Written examination, Home assignment evaluation
The student must in course of semester and by final exam demonstrate sufficient knowledge of mechanical and automation instruments and principles needing for efficient postal traffic and understand processes of technological processing postal packets, the student must be able solution this problematic in praxis. The tutor will notify the concrete requirements to the students within the first week of the term.
Recommended literature
BENADIKOVÁ, A., MADA, Š., WEINLICH, S. Čárové kódy - automatická identifikace. Praha: Grada, 1994.
KAJÁNEK, B.; HAZLINGER, E. Mechanizácia a automatizácia pošty a PNS. Časť 1.. Bratislava: Alfa, 1987.
PARÝZEK, J., ŠVENKA, J. Vybrané kapitoly z mechanizácie a automatizácie pošty a PNS. Bratislava: Alfa, 1981.
Švadlenka, Libor. Technika a technologie zpracování poštovních zásilek. Pardubice: Univerzita Pardubice, 2013. ISBN 978-80-7395-727-8.
https://portal.upce.cz/ects/predmet/KDMML/PMVPK?lang=en&rocnik=1&statut=A
Mechanization and Automation in Manufacturing
By David -May 25, 2018
Mechanization is a process of reducing the human efforts in manufacturing. In modern-day manufacturing, the mechanization is of great importance as it can provide greater production in lowest possible time and at a lower cost. If some element of a manufacturing process is done by machinery instead by human effort in an operation, then it can be called mechanization.
https://leanmanufacturingsecrets.com/mechanization-and-automation-in-manufacturing/
Mechanization and automation of production processes
https://eng.mentorbizlist.com/4205327-mechanization-and-automation-of-production-processes
Mechanisation, Automation and Handling
FSI-HME-K Acad. year: 2019/2020 Summer semester
The course introduces students to basic types of mechanization, handling and automation components and their theory and their utilization in industrial applications of manufacturing systems for forming, machining, welding, foundry and unconventional technologies is explained. The theory focuses on all kinds of transport systems, cranes, carts and all types of containers, feeders, conveyors, orientators and other peripherals used in automated systems. Furthermore, flexible production systems, automated production lines, integrated production systems, including the analysis of robots and manipulators, are discussed, including computer technology support.
DEPARTMENT: Institute of Manufacturing Technology
LEARNING OUTCOMES OF THE COURSE UNIT
Student will acquire necessary knowledge with regard to the working of classical manufacturing systems, mechanization and automation and handling systems and application of this knowledge to NC and CNC machines, robots and manipulators used at all levels of the engineering enterprise. The acquired knowledge can be applied by the students in both structural and technological departments, even in designing their own proposals of manufacturing productions. The course will be supported by the computer aided technology, which the students will become acquainted with.
PREREQUISITES: Basic knowledge of producing mechanization, handling and basic information about machines and equipment in manufacturing technology (mainly in forming, machining and welding technologies).
AIMS: The main aim is understanding of the work of various mechanization and automation systems and explains their principles. This is based on the recognition of the most primitive classical methods to higher levels of automation.
Programme M2I-K: Mechanical Engineering, Master's
branch M-STG: Manufacturing Technology, 5 credits, compulsory
Programme M2I-K: Mechanical Engineering, Master's
branch M-STM: Manufacturing Technology and Management in Industry, 5 credits, compulsory
SYLLABUS
1. Introduction to the software for the evaluation of automation processes
2. Introduction, shape division of components, classification, mechanization and automation equipment
3. Logic, logical circuits, detecting elements and sensors
4. Numerical control systems NC-CNC-DNC-HNC
5. Objects and solutions of mechanization, automation and manipulation in the field of metal forming technology
6. Objects and solutions of mechanization, automation and manipulation in the field of machining technologies,
welding, casting and cutting
7. Solution of mechanization and automation problems in packaging, brazing, soldering, main principles
8. NC and CNC machines and its application in different technologies, principles
9. Production centers, automated production lines and transport systems
10. Materials handling means, cranes, low- and high- lift trucks, transport and handling systems
11. Industrial robots and manipulators – principles, structure, controlling
12. Conditions for using the industrial robots at production systems, heads, robot equipment
13. Automation production systems and complex handling
https://www.fme.vutbr.cz/en/studenti/predmety/215335
Mechanisation and Automation
Course syllabus MEAT03_6B
(MTF - WS 2018/2019)
Information sheet ECTS Syllabus
Slovak English
University: Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava
Faculty: Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava
lecture 2 hours weekly / 26 hours per semester of study
laboratory/construction practice 2 hours weekly / 26 hours per semester of study (on-site method)
Recommended semester/trimester: Production Devices and Systems - bachelor (compulsory), 5. semester
Production Devices and Systems - bachelor (compulsory), 5. semester
Learning outcomes of the course unit:
In the course are summarized basic knowledge from the fields of mechanization and automation in machine productions, and the relationships between automation and production. One part of the lectures is dedicated to the hydraulic and pneumatic systems as well as to the automatic control of the dimensions. The next parts of the lectures are dedicated to the programming of the machining tools and additive devices as well as to the adaptive, optimization and geometric management. Finally the last part of the lectures is dedicated to elements of the pneumatic and eletropneumatic systems and their possibilities of use in the fields of mechanization and automation. During the semester, students can take part in field excursions.
Course contents:
Introduction to problematic issues of mechanization and automation in technological machining processes, objectives of automation and rationalization.
Principles and means of automation and mechanization .
Way to manage machining production systems. General management terms .
Way to manage machining production systems. Copy, geometric and adaptive controll.
Way to manage machining production systems. Digital controll.
Automatic control resources .
Control Mechanisms of automation and mechanization systems. Solid mechanisms (mechanical, hydraulic and electrical ) .
Control Mechanisms of automation and mechanization systems. Fluid and electric mechanisms (hydraulic, pneumatic, electric).
Manipulation and lifting equipment .
Equipment manipulation with stock.
Latching mechanisms and conveyors.
Use of compressed air in automation and mechanization, production, purification and distribution of compressed air.
Recommended or required reading:
Basic:
JAVOROVÁ, A. -- MATÚŠOVÁ, M. Mechanizácia a automatizácia: Návody na cvičenia. Trnava : AlumniPress, 2007. 174 p. ISBN 978-80-8096-001-8.
VELÍŠEK, K. -- KOŠŤÁL, P. Mechanizácia a automatizácia. Bratislava : Vydavateľstvo STU v Bratislave, 2007. 187 p. ISBN 978-80-227-2753-2.
JEFIMENKOV, V. -- PLEVA, J. Efektivnost komplexní mechanizace a automatizace. Praha : SNTL, 1987. 106 p.
ANNINSKIJ, B. -- BORSKÝ, J. Komplexní mechanizace ve strojírenských závodech: Pracné a těžké práce. Praha : SNTL, 1962. 405 p.
RUŽIČKA, K. Laboratórne cvičenia z mechanizácie a automatizácie výrobných strojov. Bratislava : SVŠT v Bratislave, 1985. 156 p.
CHVÁLA, B. Mechanizace a automatizace obráběcích strojů. Praha : SNTL, 1970. 310 p.
https://is.stuba.sk/katalog/syllabus.pl?predmet=327085
