https://blog.google/products/gemini/gemini-3/
Industrial Engineering is System Efficiency Engineering. It is Machine Effort and Human Effort IE. 4 Million Page View Blog. 200,000+ visitors. (36,000+ pv, 25,500+ visitors in 2025.)------------------ Blog Provides Industrial Engineering Knowledge: Articles, Books, Case Studies, Course Pages and Materials, Lecture Notes, Project Reviews, Research Papers Study Materials, and Video Lectures. 2025 - New Project - Effective Industrial Engineering and Productivity Management.
Introduction
The utilization of biological processes, organisms or systems to produce products that are anticipated to improve human lives is termed biotechnology. Broadly, this can be defined as the engineering of organisms for the purpose of human usage. It can also be defined as the skill set required for the utilization of living systems or the influencing of natural processes so as to produce products, systems or environments to help human development.
Currently biotechnology places more emphasis on the establishment of hybrid genes followed by their transfer into organisms in which some, or all, of the gene is not usually present.
Previous forms of biotechnology include the training and selective breeding of animals, the cultivation of crops and the utilization of micro-organisms to produce products such as cheese, yogurt, bread, beer and wine.
https://iopscience.iop.org/book/978-0-7503-1299-8/chapter/bk978-0-7503-1299-8ch1
Agricultural Biotechnology
1. What is Agricultural Biotechnology?
Agricultural biotechnology is a range of tools, including traditional breeding techniques, that alter living organisms, or parts of organisms, to make or modify products; improve plants or animals; or develop microorganisms for specific agricultural uses. Modern biotechnology today includes the tools of genetic engineering.
2. How is Agricultural Biotechnology being used?
Biotechnology provides farmers with tools that can make production cheaper and more manageable. For example, some biotechnology crops can be engineered to tolerate specific herbicides, which make weed control simpler and more efficient. Other crops have been engineered to be resistant to specific plant diseases and insect pests, which can make pest control more reliable and effective, and/or can decrease the use of synthetic pesticides.
3. What are the benefits of Agricultural Biotechnology?
The application of biotechnology in agriculture has resulted in benefits to farmers, producers, and consumers. Biotechnology has helped to make both insect pest control and weed management safer and easier while safeguarding crops against disease.
https://www.usda.gov/topics/biotechnology/biotechnology-frequently-asked-questions-faqs
Chapter PDF - Agricultural Biotechnology: Engineering Plants for Improved Productivity and Quality
January 2018
DOI:10.1016/B978-0-12-815870-8.00006-1
In book: Omics Technology and Bio-engineering (pp.89-106)Chapter: Agricultural Biotechnology: Engineering Plants for Improved Productivity and QualityPublisher: Elsevier
1st Edition
Biotechnology to Enhance Sugarcane Productivity and Stress Tolerance
Edited By Kalpana Sengar
ISBN 9781032095820
Published June 30, 2021 by CRC Press
314 Pages 13 B/W Illustrations
https://www.routledge.com/Biotechnology-to-Enhance-Sugarcane-Productivity-and-Stress-Tolerance/Sengar/p/book/9781032095820
Corn Productivity: The Role of Management and Biotechnology
WRITTEN BY
Jean-Paul Chavas and Paul D. Mitchell
Published: November 5th, 2018
DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.77054
https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/61809
25 Feb 2013
Sang Yup Lee
Distinguished Professor, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2013/02/how-could-biotechnology-improve-your-life/
Resources Publications Pocket K Biotechnology for the Livestock Industry
Pocket K No. 40: Biotechnology for the Livestock Industry
The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) 2008 estimate shows that meat consumption has grown with increase in population. The average global per capita meat consumption is 42.1 kg/year with 82.9 kg/year in developed and 31.1 kg/year in developing countries in a recommended daily animal-sourced protein per capita of 50 kg per year2. Milk on the other hand is consumed in various forms: liquid, cheese, powder, and cream at a global per capita consumption of 108 kg per person per year which is way below the FAO recommended daily consumption of 200 kg.
Biomanufacturing (Biotechnology) Productivity
Productivity in Biomanufacturing
Researchers are examining the possibility of taking advantage of the natural differences in productivity among cells that are used in biomanufacturing. They foster mutations to create genetic variability and then use microchips to analyze the behavior of individual cells, choosing the most prolific for larger-scale production.
https://www.technologyreview.com/s/424695/why-is-biomanufacturing-so-hard/
Edna C RamÃrez (1), David B Johnston, Andrew J McAloon and Vijay Singh
1 United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Services, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA
Biotechnology for Biofuels 2009, 2:2 doi:10.1186/1754-6834-2-2
Published: 21 January 2009
http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/content/2/1/2
Drilling - Process and Machine - Evolution
2011 - 2020 Drilling Operation Elements - News and Information for Industrial Engineering
2000-2010 Drilling Operation Elements - News and Information for Industrial Engineering
1991-2000 Drilling Operation Elements - News and Information for Industrial Engineering
Rackbars, Pinion Shafts, Cylinder Head, Engine Blocks, Valve Guides, Transmission Shafts, Connecting Rod, Input Shaft, Output Shaft, Gear Shaft, Camshaft, Crankshaft, Rocker Arm Shaft, Crank Case, Shock Absorbers, Piston Pin, Pump Barrel, Common Rail, and Nozzle.
Automotive deep hole applications - Available Solutions
Cam Shaft Deep Hole Drilling Solution
Engine Connection Rod Deep Hole Drilling Solution
Engine Valve Deep Hole Drilling Solution
Engine Valve Guide Drilling Solutions - Valve Guide Gundrilling
Fuel Injection Parts Deep Hole Drilling Machine
Gear Shaft Deep Hole Drilling Solutions
Oil pump injectors gun drilling machine
https://www.deepholemachines.com/special-purpose-deephole-machines/automotive-deep-hole-applications
______________________
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sN3F6W3J5Uc
_____________________
Deep hole drilling - Fundamentals
_____________________
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1FmNqL_0dOE
_____________________
2021
https://www.americanmachinist.com/machining-cutting/media-gallery/21153554/customized-deephole-drilling-suhner-industrial-products
Search deep hole drilling - Interesting results
Deep hole drilling line extended
05.01.2021
1.5XD and 12XD drill bodies got added to the existing 3XD, 5XD and 8XD.
The new 1.5XD addition will enhance the productivity, rigidity and stability when drilling shallow holes whereas the 12XD range will enable manufacturers to enjoy the benefit deep hole drilling. The TDMX drill body incorporates polished flutes, through coolant channels and margin lands on the entire body length to ensure straightness and increased hole quality.
2020
Going deep and cellular
Published December 8, 2020
Deep-hole drilling systems, which can produce holes that exceed a 20-1 depth-to-diameter ratio, are a unique class of manufacturing equipment.
Unisig a multiple-spindle machine, the UNI25HD. It had the power and controls necessary to apply indexable gundrilling tools, significantly improving feed rates.
https://www.ctemag.com/news/articles/going-deep-and-cellular
Abstract
A deep hole drilling system and methods provide stability and cutting performance to produce deep holes having desired straightness. The system may include a replaceable cutting head provided with a center cutting member and first and second side cutting inserts. The tool provides a major diameter with the OD cutting margins on the replaceable side inserts, as well as possibly cutting margins on the center cutting member. Adjustment mechanisms are provided to adjust the center cutting member and/side cutting inserts.
2020-02-25: Publication of US10569347B2
Inventor: L Paul, W. Best, Salvatore D. Deluca, Lucas S. Dummermuth, David J. Carlisle, Current AssigneeL Allied Machine and Engineering Corp
https://patents.google.com/patent/US10569347B2/en
2018
Cong Liao, Haiyan Henry Zhang, and Yueen Li
Journal of Multidisciplinary Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST)
Vol. 5 Issue 10, October - 2018
Deep hole drilling process investigated
9.9 mm diameter and 202 mm depth (the L/D ratio is more than 20). The tool is solid carbide twist drill bit coated with TiCrN and the workpiece is SAE1045.
Cutting parameters and conditions:
SFM – 262(2570rpm), feed – 0.23mm/rev,
coolant pressure – 725 psi, coolant concentration – 6~8%.
Observed that the severe tool wear occurred at the periphery of the cutting edge in the early stage of usage under the cutting condition of depth of 202 mm, diameter of 9.9mm, speed of 2570 rpm, and feed of 0.23 mm/rev. The surface speed at the outer spot of the cutting edge is estimated of 79.9 m/min.
Experiments reported
V (m/min) f (mm/rev) tcycle (min)
79.9 0.23 0.3149
65.3 0.27 0.3563
65.3 0.225 0.4276
The paper gives the formula for calculating drilling time.
It also gives tool life formula for deep hole drilling in terms of cutting speed, feed and hole length.
2017
https://www.fabricatingandmetalworking.com/2017/12/deep-hole-drilling-of-diesel-engine-components-transmission-shafts-and-more/
2015
https://www.americanmachinist.com/machining-cutting/article/21898952/seven-axes-one-setup-for-deephole-drilling
https://www.americanmachinist.com/machining-cutting/media-gallery/21898953/automated-deephole-drilling-for-custom-shaft-production
2014
Going deep with holemaking
Christopher Tate
Published October 1, 2014
Uniform nomenclature for long/deep drills. Drill length is specified as a function of the diameter, it is common to see the drill length called out as 15D, 20D and so on. For example, 20D means the drill can produce a hole 20 diameters deep. Therefore, a ½ "-dia., 20D drill can produce a 10 "-deep hole.
2013
L. Francis Xavier and D. Elangovan
2008
Water-Cooled VW Performance Handbook: 3rd edition
Greg Raven, Chad Erickson
Motorbooks, 15-May-2011 - Transportation - 208 pages
Turn your VW into a high-performance machine. Chad Erickson explains everything from low-buck bolt-ons to CNC-machined mods. Learn how to choose, install, tune, and maintain performance equipment for Golfs, GTIs, Jettas, Passats, and more. This book will help improve your VW’s engine, transmission and clutch, ignition, carburetion/fuel injection, suspension and handling, brakes, body, and chassis. In its 3rd edition, Water-Cooled VW Performance Handbook is now updated to include new engines, body styles, and modifications for the 1986–2008 model years.
1999
Abstract
A process for drilling oil holes in a crankshaft at various positions lengthwise and widthwise about a longitudinal axis of the crankshaft, where the oil holes are perpendicular to and have angled directions with regards to the longitudinal axis. The process includes the sequential steps of placing the crankshaft in a horizontal position in a crankshaft holding unit and maintaining the crankshaft in a horizontal position through the drilling process. The holding unit is then rotated on a vertical axis until the crankshaft faces the drilling unit. The crankshaft is next rotated along the longitudinal axis of the crankshaft to position the crankshaft in a position for drilling a hole. The drill tool is then moved on a second and third axis until the drill tool is situated in order to drill the hole in the crankshaft.
Application US09/756,669 events
1999-04-19
Priority to ES9900797
2002-11-26
Publication of US6485401B2
2019-07-23
Anticipated expiration
Status
Expired - Fee Related
https://patents.google.com/patent/US6485401B2/en
Updated 19 Feb 2021
Published on 15 Feb 2021