Hilbert Space- Introduction

Advanced Analysis, Notes 1: Hilbert spaces (basics)
by Orr Shalit
https://noncommutativeanalysis.com/2012/10/20/advanced-analyis-notes-1-hilbert-spaces-basics/




Vector space

Vectors are represented in boldface. scalars in normal font..

A vector space over a field F is a set V together with two operations that satisfy the eight axioms listed below. In the following, V × V denotes the Cartesian product of V with itself, and → denotes a mapping from one set to another.

The first operation, called vector addition or simply addition + : V × V → V, takes any two vectors v and w and assigns to them a third vector which is commonly written as v + w, and called the sum of these two vectors. (The resultant vector is also an element of the set V.)


The second operation, called scalar multiplication · : F × V → V， takes any scalar a and any vector v and gives another vector av. (Similarly, the vector av is an element of the set V. Scalar multiplication is not to be confused with the scalar product, also called inner product or dot product, which is an additional structure present on some specific, but not all vector spaces. Scalar multiplication is a multiplication of a vector by a scalar; the other is a multiplication of two vectors producing a scalar.)

Elements of V are commonly called vectors. Elements of F are commonly called scalars.

In the two examples above, the field is the field of the real numbers and the set of the vectors consists of the planar arrows with fixed starting point and of pairs of real numbers, respectively.

To qualify as a vector space, the set V and the operations of addition and multiplication must adhere to a number of requirements called axioms.[1] In the list below, let u, v and w be arbitrary vectors in V, and a and b scalars in F.

Axiom Meaning
Associativity of addition u + (v + w) = (u + v) + w
Commutativity of addition u + v = v + u
Identity element of addition There exists an element 0 ∈ V, called the zero vector, such that v + 0 = v for all v ∈ V.
Inverse elements of addition For every v ∈ V, there exists an element −v ∈ V, called the additive inverse of v, such that v + (−v) = 0.
Compatibility of scalar multiplication with field multiplication a(bv) = (ab)v [nb 2]
Identity element of scalar multiplication 1v = v, where 1 denotes the multiplicative identity in F.
Distributivity of scalar multiplication with respect to vector addition   a(u + v) = au + av
Distributivity of scalar multiplication with respect to field addition (a + b)v = av + bv

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_space

Grinding Wheels - Science and Engineering - Applications

Each abrasive type is unique with distinct properties for hardness, strength, fracture toughness and resistance to impact.

Aluminum oxide is the most common abrasive.  It is usually the abrasive chosen for grinding carbon steel, alloy steel, high speed steel, annealed malleable iron, wrought iron, and bronzes and similar metals.

Zirconia alumina is another family of abrasives, each one made from a different percentage of aluminum oxide and zirconium oxide. The combination results in a tough, durable abrasive that works well in rough grinding applications, such as cut-off operations, on a broad range of steels and steel alloys.

Silicon carbide is an abrasive used for grinding gray iron, chilled iron, brass, soft bronze and aluminum, as well as stone, rubber and other non-ferrous materials.

Ceramic aluminum oxide is a high-purity grain manufactured in a gel sintering process. The result is an abrasive with the ability to fracture at a controlled rate at the sub-micron level, constantly creating thousands of new cutting points. This abrasive is exceptionally hard and strong. It is primarily used for precision grinding in demanding applications on steels and alloys that are the most difficult to grind.
https://www.mmsonline.com/articles/choosing-the-right-grinding-wheel

Cylindrical Grinding Process Parameters - Optimization - Industrial Engineering

Sandip Kumar et al. [1] has studied the Taguchi method and was found that various input parameters of cylindrical grinding such as the work piece speed, grinding wheel speed and feed rate has more significant effect for surface roughness and depth of cut has least effect on Material removal rate of EN15 AM steel. A Taguchi L18 (21 x 33) orthogonal array, the signal to noise (S/N) ratio and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for the optimization of cutting parameters. ANOVA results shows that work piece speed contributes maximum 38.95 % percentage contribution, grinding wheel speed contributes 14.85 %, feed rate contributes 12.85% and depth of cut has least contribution about 9.80% towards the material removal rate. And finally concluded the optimized parameters for material removal rate are grinding wheel speed 1800 rpm, work piece speed 155 rpm, feed rate 275 mm/rev and depth of cut .04 mm.
Sandeep Kumar, Onkar Singh Bhatia, “Review of Analysis & Optimization of Cylindrical Grinding Process Parameters on Material Removal Rate of En15AM Steel”, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE), Volume 12, Issue 4 Ver. II (Jul. - Aug. 2015), PP 35-43.


Naresh Kumar et al. [2] worked on cylindrical grinding of C40E steel is done for the optimization of grinding process parameters. During this experimental work input process parameters i.e. speed, feed, depth of cut are optimized by using Taguchi L9 orthogonal array.  They concluded that surface roughness is minimum at the 210 rpm, 0.11mm/rev feed, and 0.04mm depth of penetration.
Naresh Kumar, Himanshu Tripathi, Sandeep Gandotra, “Optimization of Cylindrical Grinding Process Parameters on C40E Steel Using Taguchi Technique”, International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (ijera), Vol. 5, Issue 1(Part 3), January 2015, pp.100-104.

M. Melwin Jagadeesh Shridhar et al. [3] analyzed optimal process parameters of cylindrical grinding to grind OHNS Steel (AISI 0-1) with high surface quality by conducting various experiments. In this work L9 orthogonal array was selected for three levels and three input parameters. The inputs parameters are considered in this experimental study are work speed, depth of cut and number of passes and response parameter is metal removal rate (MRR) during cylindrical grinding process. Higher metal removal rate is the main objective of this machining process. The different machining parameters of OHNS steel of cylindrical grinding process are optimized by Signal to noise ratio
and analyzed by Analysis of variance (ANOVA’s). Finally they has found that number of pass of grinding process play an important role for achieving larger metal removal rate in cylindrical grinding process and optimal parameter of OHNS steel rounds in cylindrical grinding process are 150rpm of wheel speed ,0.02 mm of depth of cut and 1 number of pass.
M.Melwin Jagadeesh Sridhar, M.Manickam, V.Kalaiyarasan, M.Abdul Ghani Khan, Ttm.Kannan, “Optimization of Cylindrical Grinding Process Parameters of OHNS Steel (AISI 0-1) Rounds Using Design of Experiments Concept”, International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 17 Number 3 – Nov 2014, PP 109-114.



K. Mekala et al. [4] analyzed that an optimization of cylindrical grinding parameters of austenitic stainless steel rods (AISI 316) by Taguchi method to have maximum MRR with good surface quality. In this, Taguchi design of experiments of L9 orthogonal array was selected with 3 levels with 3 factors and output parameters of Metal removal rate are measured.  Cutting speed is a dominating parameter of cylindrical grinding. The optimal process parameters for AISI 316 austenitic stainless steel were found 560 m/min of cutting speed, 0.130 mm/rev of feed and 0.005 mm of depth of cut.
K Mekala, J Chandradas, K Chandrasekaran, T T M Kannan, E Ramesh, R Narasing Babu, “Optimization Of Cylindrical Grinding Parameters of Austenitic Stainless Steel Rods (AISI 316) By Taguchi method”, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering And Robotics Research” (IJMERR), Vol. 3, No. 2, April 2014, PP 208-215.

Lijohn P George et al.  conducted experiment to study the working of cylindrical grinding machine and effects of grinding process parameters on Surface roughness. The experiments are conducted on MILANO RICEN RUM 1 Cylindrical Grinding Machine with L9 Orthogonal array with input machining variables as work speed, depth of cut and hardness of material. In this EN 24, EN 31, EN 353 alloy steels are used. Surface roughness is measured using MITUTOYO Surf test SJ-400 surface roughness tester. He also formulated an empirical relationship between the surface roughness values and the input parameters. Taguchi parametric optimization is used for the optimization process.
Lijohn P George, K Varughese Job, I M Chandran, “Study on Surface Roughness and its Prediction in Cylindrical Grinding Process based on Taguchi method of optimization”, International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 3, Issue 5, May 2013, PP 1-5.


Kundan Kumar et al. [6] used Taguchi method to find optimal material removal and effect of process parameters of cylindrical grinding machine on mild steel work pieces. In this grinding parameters evaluated are cutting speed and depth of cut. An L9 orthogonal array was used. From his
experiment, he derived optimal grinding conditions for selected quality characteristic, MRR are – Cutting speed 41.07 m/min, Depth of cut 0.020 mm and optimal material removal rate is 19.906mm3/s. Also he found the percentage contributions of the parameters from ANOVA
are Cutting Speed 47.30%, Depth of Cut 4.40%. The percentage contributions of the parameters have revealed that the influence of the Cutting Speed is significantly larger than that of Depth of Cut.
Kundan Kumar, Somnath Chattopadhyaya, Hari Singh, “Optimal Material Removal and Effect of Process Parameters of Cylindrical Grinding Machine by Taguchi Method”, International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Studies, IJAERS, Vol. II, Issue I, Oct.-Dec., 2012, pp. 41-45.



Deepak Pal et al.  conducted experiments on universal tool and cutter grinding machine with L9 Orthogonal array with input machining variables as work speed, grinding wheel grades and hardness of material. The results reveals surface roughness (Ra).The predicted optimal values for Ra for cylindrical grinding process was 1.07 Ra.
Deepak Pal, Ajay Bangar, Rajan Sharma, Ashish Yadav, “Optimization of Grinding Parameters for Minimum Surface Roughness by Taguchi Parametric Optimization Technique”, International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (IJMIE),  Volume-1, Issue-3, 2012, 74-78.

Kirankumar Ramakantrao Jagtap et al.  has done the work on cylindrical grinding of AISI 1040 steel to find out optimal process parameters that will minimize the surface roughness and maximize the metal removal rate. Empirical models were developed using design of experiments by Taguchi L9 Orthogonal Array. For minimum surface roughness he found that the work speed was the most influencing factor for AISI 1040 work material followed by grinding wheel speed, number of passes and depth of cut. So, to achieve the minimum surface roughness of AISI 1040 steel, employ low depth of cut of 300 µm, highest work speed of 630 rpm with moderate number of passes 06 and high grinding wheel speed of 1910 rpm. And for metal removal rate, the most influencing factor was number of passes, second being depth of cut followed by grinding wheel speed and work speed. So, to achieve the maximum metal removal rate of AISI 1040 steel, employ higher depth of cut of 400 µ m, moderate work speed of 224 rpm with minimum number of passes of 03 and high grinding wheel speed of 1910 rpm.
Kirankumar Ramakantrao Jagtap, S.B.Ubale, Dr.M.S.Kadam, “Optimization of Cylindrical Grinding Process Parameters for AISI 1040 Steel Using Taguchi Method”, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET),  Volume 3, Issue 1, January- April (2012), pp. 226-234.


M. Ganeshan et al. used Taguchi method for prediction and optimization of Cylindrical Grinding Parameters for Surface Roughness. Experiments are conducted on 304 stainless steel material. Experiments were conducted by using Taguchi design of experiments of L9 orthogonal array with 3 levels with 3 factors and output parameter of Surface Roughness is measured. They predicted that cutting speed is a dominating parameter of cylindrical grinding.

M. Ganesan, S. Karthikeyan, N. Karthikeyan, “Prediction and Optimization of Cylindrical Grinding Parameters for Surface Roughness Using Taguchi Method”, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) e-ISSN: 2278-1684, p ISSN: 2320-334X, PP 39-46.

















A REVIEW ON OPTIMIZATION OF CYLINDRICAL GRINDING PROCESS PARAMETERS USING  TAGUCHI METHOD
Anil M. Avadut, P.G. Student,
Prof. V. V. Potdar 2Vice Principal
(Mechanical Department, A.G.P.I.T, Solapur, Maharashtra, India)
JETIR (ISSN-2349-5162,)August 2017, Volume 4, Issue 08


B. Dasthagiri, Dr. E. Venu gopal Goud, “Optimization Studies on Surface Grinding Process Parameters”, International Journal of
Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, Vol. 4, Issue 7, July 2015, pp 6148 – 6156.


1. Alagumurthi N, Palaniradja K, Soundararajan V.
2008 Optimisation of process parameters in
grinding on different dimensions and perspectives.
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System Efficiency Engineering - Interesting Web Pages and Reports

Efficiency improvement is also referred to by the term cost reduction. Efficiency improvement is not directly aiming revenue expansion but it is focusing on supply chain efficiency with respect to an accepted marketing or sales goal of the organization. But as efficiency improves and cost is reduced, the organizations may be able to lower prices and get more revenue for product that have elastic demand. But the immediate focus of system efficiency project is improvement in efficiency within the context of a targeted production and sales plan.

Industrial engineering is a discipline that focuses on improving the efficiency of  production and distribution systems.

_______________

Michelin's Industrial Engineering organization

"Eliminate - combine - reduce" is the theme of Michelin's Industrial Engineering organization. Our IEs are trained to leverage their engineering and analytical competencies to systematically create solutions that result in cost savings for the company. Interfacing with people, technology, and business, Michelin IEs are on the front line each day to facilitate continuous efficiency improvement in all areas of the organization.

Industrial Engineer
 Requires a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering, chemical engineering or industrial engineering or equivalent technical degree.

Conducts productivity improvement and cost reduction projects in the Group Services environment
Works in direct cooperation with employees and managers in the study and implementation of projects through the application of the Michelin IE method and related techniques. Project work includes work processes and flow analysis, organizational benchmarking, manpower planning, and productivity and efficiency improvements.
Begins employment with a training program that combines in-plant project and classroom work in IE functions, methods, and tools.

http://careers.michelin-us.com/you/career-paths/corp-services/industrial-eng.html

 accessed on 8.2.2010


Michelin's Obsession with Quality
"In our company, we have production people and we have quality people," Selleck explained in his keynote address at the IW Best Plants conference on Tuesday. "What makes us strong is that at Michelin, the quality people are kings. They are the czars."
Travis M. Hessman
APR 25, 2013
https://www.industryweek.com/operations/quality/article/21960311/michelins-obsession-with-quality

Power to the workers: Michelin’s great experiment
Inside the company’s ‘responsabilisation’ project
 Andrew Hill MAY 11 2017
https://www.ft.com/content/4767ebf6-33f7-11e7-bce4-9023f8c0fd2e

______________

Light Metals 2013 pp 163-167|
Bayer Process Efficiency Improvement
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-65136-1_29

TOC for Wiki Improving Process Efficiency with Business Process Accelerator
IBM Wiki -
http://www-10.lotus.com/ldd/lfwiki.nsf/dx/Table_of_Contents_for_Wiki_Improving_Process_Efficiency_with_Business_Process_Accelerator

Improving Software Process Efficiency - 2002 MS thesis
http://www.bth.se/fou/cuppsats.nsf/all/a5cb3e848628d41bc1256bdb0060bb32/$file/mythesisMSE_2002_20.pdf

Performance Monitoring to Improve Service Quality and Efficiency Through Better Management of Bus Operators
http://www4.uwm.edu/cuts/bench/kimpel.pdf

Energy Efficiency in Local Municipality Operations
http://www.epa.gov/statelocalclimate/documents/pdf/ee_municipal_operations.pdf

Process Cycle Efficiency Improvement Through Lean: A Case Study 2011
http://www.thinkinglean.com/ijlt/articles/vol2/issue1/020203m.pdf

Streamlining operations: Discrete manufacturers pursue improved efficiency (EIU Survey during 2007-08)

http://graphics.eiu.com/upload/Streamlining%20operations_14%20July%2008.pdf

Production Efficiency Improvement: A Case Study in Roasted and Ground Coffee Industry, 2007

http://iat.sut.ac.th/food/FIA2007/FIA2007/paper/O4-02.pdf

Improving Packing Efficiency for Shipping Container, 2007

http://www.ijcim.th.org/v15nSP4/P26SEARCC_ImprovingPackingEfficiency.pdf

Efficiency savings in Forestry Commission Scotland

http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2007/03/21120816/42

Public Transport Efficiency Project

http://www.andynash.com/pte-project2/PTEhome.html

ENERGY PROJECT CASE STUDY BOILER EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT

http://www.idfa.org/files/boiler_efficiency_improvement.pdf

Refractories - Opportunities for Energy Efficiency
http://www1.eere.energy.gov/manufacturing/industries_technologies/imf/pdfs/refractoriesreportfinal.pdf

Example of Business Operational Efficiency Improvement at Food Supermarkets through Implementation of USCOS (2006)

http://www.oki.com/en/otr/2006/n206/pdf/otr-206-R19.pdf

Improving Energy Efficiency In Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Operations (2006)

http://ies.lbl.gov/drupal.files/ies.lbl.gov.sandbox/60288.pdf

MANAGING ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT at Dow Chemical Company (2006)

JOE ALMAGUER, ENERGY EFFICIENCY LEADER

http://txspace.tamu.edu/bitstream/handle/1969.1/5618/ESL-IE-06-05-04.pdf?sequence=4

OPTIMIZING THE SCHEDULING OF THE MILITARY POLICE: A STUDY IN EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT IN THE U.S. ARMY,
Proceedings of the Academy of Production and Operations Management, Volume 1, Number 1 New Orleans, 2004

http://sbaer.uca.edu/Research/allied/2004/operationManagement/pdf/04.pdf

"Efficiency Improvement and Business Excellence"
Address by Dr. Dirk Suwelack, Member of the Board of Management, Bayer CropScience AG (2004 results)

http://www.bayercropscience.com/BCSWeb/CropProtection.nsf/id/AdrDrSuw_EN

Automotive Efficiency Improvement  Case Study

http://www.tacteng.com/site/cs/Automotive%20Efficiency%20Improvement%20Case%20Study.pdf

Efficiency Improvement Possibilities in CCGT Power Plant Technology  (2001)

http://www.imteag.com/2-PGA-2001.pdf

MAINTAINING THE SOLUTION TO OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT (1995)

http://www.pnl.gov/dsom/publications/26005.pdf

Original knol - http://knol.google.com/k/narayana-rao/system-efficiency-engineering/2utb2lsm2k7a/ 2277


Use the Google Search Results for Process efficiency

Updated on 2 March 2020
29 August 2012

Economic CBN Grinding Wheel Use

PROCESS REQUIREMENTS FOR PRECISON GRINDING
A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of Liverpool
John Moores University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy
September 2003

The hypothesis was that high-speed CBN grinding allows total costs to be reduced while
maintaining or improving quality.

Aim
To establish if high speed grinding using vitrified CBN offers the benefits predicted by
theory and leads to a reduction in process costs without losing target workpiece quality.

1.3 Objectives
a. To investigate the design, characteristics and performance of a purpose built high speed
grinding machine.
b. To investigate how dressing and cycle parameters affect performance when grinding an
easy-to-grind material with vitrified CBN.
c. To investigate how dressing and cycle parameters affect performance when grinding a
difficult-to-grind material with vitrified CBN.
d. To determine if high-speed grinding offers a cost benefit to justify the increased
complexity and cost of a suitable high-speed grinding machine.
e. Establish if step changes in the grinding process can be achieved when moving from:
i. Grinding with aluminium oxide wheels to grinding with vitrified CBN wheels
at conventional speeds.
ii. Grinding with vitrified CBN wheels at conventional speed to grinding with
vitrified CBN wheels at high speed.
f. To propose process requirements for cost effective precision grinding.

Conditions were defined for success in the high-speed CBN
grinding process.

Grinding Engineering News - 2015 - 2017 - Details

Crankshaft Manufacturing , flexible machining system FMS
30 Oct 2016
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KD-zpEeGNkY
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__________________

09/20/2016
High Speed Grinding: new projects and options
Unparalleled working speeds and rail maintenance within the regular timetable make High Speed Grinding (HSG) technology an extremely attractive option for railway companies and network operators. At InnoTrans 2016, Vossloh will be presenting as many as three new major projects.
https://www.vossloh.com/en/press/press-releases/detail/pressdetail_6464.html


Leveraging CAD, vision systems and robotics to make dramatic improvements in grinding large castings.
July 25, 2016

Sutton Engineering has successfully integrated a Kuka Titan series robot with a 40 hp spindle motor as the end effector. This formidable looking combination creates a giant robotic grinding tool. The robot has 6 axes of motion, with a nearly 12-ft reach, enabling a large work envelope with amazing dexterity. In addition to the robot’s size, it has a payload capability of 1,650 pounds giving it the heft to carry the massive 40-hp spindle motor for grinding, and the ability to generate enough force at the end of the spindle to do some serious material removal.
https://www.therobotreport.com/the-next-generation-of-grinding/


28 October 2016
Experimental investigation of precision grinding oriented to achieve high process efficiency for large and middle-scale optic
Ping Li; Tan Jin; Zongfu Guo; Ange Lu; Meina Qu
Proceedings Volume 9683, 8th International Symposium on Advanced Optical Manufacturing and Testing Technologies: Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies; 968328 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2242822
Event: Eighth International Symposium on Advanced Optical Manufacturing and Testing Technology (AOMATT2016), 2016, Suzhou, China
https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/9683/968328/Experimental-investigation-of-precision-grinding-oriented-to-achieve-high-process/10.1117/12.2242822.short?SSO=1



2015

How to ID grind within .0002 made easy by Don Bailey
3 Nov 2015
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BTnSOq2B6FI
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Grinding - Engineering News - Bibliography 2015 - 2017

2017

Continuous generating gear grinding - Reishauer
www.reishauer.com › technology › generating-grinding
May 17, 2017 - Grinding is a metal cutting process that, due to innumerable cutting edges and high operating speed, can simultaneously deliver high material removal rate, superior surface finish and very precise geometry. The grinding process is particularly suitable for hard materials such as case hardened gears.

Pinch Grinding: The Invisible Work of the Finishing Wheel ...
www.nortonabrasives.com › en-us › resources › expertise › pinch-gri...
Jul 12, 2017 - Norton application engineers looked at numerous factors when using an engineered approach to develop optimal wheels for this grinding application to achieve ...

Thrufeed Centerless OD Grinding: Parameters and ...
www.nortonabrasives.com › en-us › resources › expertise › thrufeed-...
Apr 11, 2017 - Thrufeed centerless OD grinding can achieve precise part quality at an economical processing cost. ... In thrufeed centerless OD grinding the workpiece passes between two wheels, a grinding wheel and a regulating wheel (as illustrated in the diagram, right). ... Proper setup of centerless ...


What Is Roll Grinding? | Maximum Advantage-Carolinas
www.maxgrind.com › roll-grinding
May 31, 2017 - Although roll grinding is nearly same thing as cylindrical grinding, there are some noticeable differences. Roll grinding presents special problems and usually ...

What is a gear dry grinding? | Samputensili Machine Tools
www.samputensili.com › what-is-a-gear-dry-grinding
Jul 26, 2017 - Gear dry grinding is the new state-of-the-art process for gear manufacturing. with the elimination of cutting oils during the process. Read more here.

How to Master Your Surface Grinding Machining Operation ...
www.mscdirect.com › betterMRO › metalworking › how-master-your...
Nov 14, 2017 - From job shops to tool and die makers, surface grinding is an important machining technology, no matter what you make. Whether it's used to square up a punch ...

A method for prediction of active grits count in surface grinding
www.researchgate.net › publication › 316418697_A_method_for_predi...
Aug 17, 2017 - The ability to estimate grinding process responses, like the surface roughness, specific energy, cutting forces and temperature, is essential to understand and ..

Specific Grinding Energy | Technology | NanoTEM Co. Ltd.,
nano-tem.com › technology › energy
Sep 6, 2017 - In order to achieve high-performance with least energy, it is essential to use this theory when you set the cutting depth or feed rate, which is specific grinding .

Development of Control System for Vibratory Grinding Process ...
www.sciencedirect.com › science › article › pii
by EHC Michael - ‎2017 - ‎Cited by 2 - ‎Related articles
Mar 9, 2017 - Grinding is usually the last operation applied to the workpiece and hence deviations of the geometry and surface finish are not allowed because even finishing ...

Frequent problems during grinding – grindaix GmbH
grindaix.de › magazine › frequent-problems-during-grinding
Apr 20, 2017 - Grinding is a sophisticated production process and, due to its complexity, offers a variety of sources of error. Here is a brief overview of the most common errors.

Wear mechanics of cylindrical grinding wheels | Cutting Tool ...
www.ctemag.com › news › industry-news › wear-mechanics-cylindric...
Oct 24, 2017 - We all know that as grinding wheels wear and get smaller, they eventually stub out, requiring replacement. But what really happens as they wear?

Grinding | Products | DMG MORI
www.dmgmori.co.jp › products › machine
Jan 27, 2017 - Grinding, one of the “Shaping” functions of Technology Cycles, enables grinding on 5-axis machines and machining centers. Conversational programming ...

Grinding Machines by DMG MORI
in.dmgmori.com › products › machines › grinding
Sep 8, 2017 - Overview of all Grinding Machines and Grinding Centers by DMG MORI.

Tips for Trouble-Free Centerless Grinding - SME
www.sme.org › technologies › articles › may › tips-trouble-free-cente...
May 8, 2017 - Coolant is a key component to successful centerless grinding but is often overlooked. Many coolant delivery systems for centerless grinders are under ...

25.080.50 - Grinding and polishing machines - ISO
www.iso.org › ics › 25.080.50.html
Feb 27, 2017 - Test conditions for surface grinding machines with horizontal grinding wheel spindle and reciprocating table — Testing of the accuracy — Part 1: Machines with ...

Grinding Robots - RobotWorxwww.robots.com › applications › grinding
Sep 10, 2017 - Grinding robots are a great solution to automate a process in your production line. New and reconditioned grinding robots are available at RobotWorx.

Metallurgical Reasons for Grinding Cracks and Their Detection
gearsolutions.com › Departments
May 26, 2017 - Grinding is often a final machining step to achieve desired surface finish or final dimensions. Grinding is a high-energy process where a lot of frictional energy is ...

Productivity improvement in grinding process - INDUSTR.com
www.industr.com › productivity-improvement-in-grinding-process-2...
Nov 20, 2017 - CUMI has developed a unique solution with 'Micro Crystalline Grain – EX Series' and a process monitoring & optimisation application known as “Grinding Cycle.
You visited this page on 23/2/20.

Chatter Vibration Monitoring in the Surface Grinding ... - MDPI
www.mdpi.com › pdf
PDF
by FA Alexandre - ‎2017 - ‎Cited by 6 - ‎Related articles
Nov 14, 2017 - Abstract: The grinding process is a manufacturing process that is performed at the end of the machining chain. In such step, the workpiece has a high ...

Gauging of grinding process - Balance Systems
www.balancesystems.com › gauging
Dec 1, 2017 - Grinding process gauging through systems of Balance Systems allows react during production cycle. Discover more.

Automation of in feed centerless grinding machine - IJESRT
www.ijesrt.com › Archive-2017 › April-2017
PDF
Apr 15, 2017 - ABSTRACT. In-feed centerless grinding technique offers a major contribution to the industries. This is the alternative in-feed centerless grinding technique using ...

Turn-grind centers - INDEX TRAUB
in.index-traub.com › products › turn-grind-centers
Feb 18, 2017 - The turn-grind centers combine the advantages of the turning and grinding process, such as shorter cycle times, high quality and maximum process safety.

Chapter 5: Surface Grinder – Manufacturing Processes 4-5
openoregon.pressbooks.pub › manufacturingprocesses45 › chapter-5-...
Feb 3, 2017 - The Surface Grinder is mainly used in the finishing process. It is a very precise tool which uses a stationary, abrasive, rotating wheel to shave or finish a metallic ...

A study of the grinding performance of laser micro-structured ...
link.springer.com › article
by H Deng - ‎2017 - ‎Cited by 9 - ‎Related articles
Jun 23, 2017 - Considering the relatively poor surface and subsurface quality of workpieces that are ground by coarse-grained grinding wheels, the nanosecond ultraviolet.

MACHINING TIPS: Critical Aspects to Grinding - Surface ...
plasticperspectives.com › 2017/01/11 › machining-tips-critical-aspects...
Jan 11, 2017 - The key to any grinding operation is achieving your desired surface finish. The finish of a ground plastic is extremely dependent on the following factors:.

The gear grinding process | SAMP Blog - SAMP SpA
www.sampspa.com › blog › gear-grinding-process
Oct 5, 2017 - The increasing demand for efficiency and noise emission of gears pushes the gear grinding process to its limits. Read more to discover new solutions.

Optimization of Cylindrical Grinding Process ... - IJERT
www.ijert.org › research › optimization-of-cylindrical-grinding-proce...
PDF
Jun 17, 2017 - Abstract: Grinding is the machining processes which improve surface quality and dimensional accuracy of the work piece. Various process parameters, which ...

Principles of Precision Surface Grinding Services
metalcutting.com › principles-precision-surface-grinding-services
Jun 9, 2017 - Precision surface grinding services are used to achieve shapes that produce squareness and parallelism, on cubic forms as well as the ends of cylinders.

CERAMIC reinforced grinding wheel - Pferd
www.pferd.com › se-en › products › new-products-and-innovations
Oct 22, 2017 - High-performance reinforced grinding wheel for quick and economical grinding. The CERAMIC reinforced grinding wheel impresses thanks to its ultimate ..

NC Cylindrical Grinder - Jainnher Machine Co.,Ltd.
www.jainnher.com › traditional-cylindrical-grinder
Jan 6, 2017 - The grinding wheel spindle is supported by two special hydrodynamic bearings on the ends with five-point support, providing maximum rigidity and stability of ...

Grinding System Discus - NETZSCH Grinding & Dispersing
www.netzsch-grinding.com › products-solutions › grinding-system-di...
Mar 28, 2017 - The NETZSCH Discus system is the quantum leap in disk grinding technology. The further optimized Discus disk agitator combined with the NETZSCH DCC® ...

Roller Bearing Grinding Machines | WEMA Glauchau ...
www.wema-glauchau.com › Grinding Machines
Oct 10, 2017 - To meet the requirements of our customers, our roller bearing grinding machines are built individually with varying degrees of sophistication and different desi.

Grinding Archives - Helvoet
www.helvoet.com › News & Events
Dec 6, 2017 - In this section you will find some product cases where we have applied different technologies to manufacture the serial components. Contact us and we will find ...

Optimization of Surface Roughness in Cylindrical Grinding ...
www.ripublication.com › ijaer17
PDF
by RK Panthangi - ‎2017 - ‎Cited by 6 - ‎Related articles
Oct 5, 2017 - Abstract. Cylindrical grinding is a metal removing process which is used extensively in the finishing operation. Surface finish is an important output parameter in ...

Bond Selection for Production Grinding : Production Machining
www.productionmachining.com › articles › bond-selection-for-produ...
Jul 10, 2017 - Proper grinding wheel selection is essential to ensure that the required part quality, production rate, and overall cost per part is achieved. Although the type of ...

Wakefield brand Exhaust Valve Spindle Grinding Machine ...
www.wakefield.co.jp › publics › index
Dec 21, 2017 - Exhaust Valve Spindle and Bottom Piece(Seat) Grinding Machine type SEG is suitable for grinding of 2 stroke Diesel Engine Valve Spindles and Bottom ...

New methods to improve efficiency of grinding processes - Ideko
www.ideko.es › NEWS
Sep 19, 2017 - The use of technologically advanced techniques to optimise grinding operations helps boost competitiveness of industrial manufacturing processes.

Grinding energy modeling based on friction, plowing and ...
escholarship.org › content
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by B Linke - ‎2017 - ‎Cited by 11 - ‎Related articles
Jul 12, 2017 - Grinding is an important abrasive machining process at the end of many ... entire grinding tool is considered or the phenomena at the single cutting edges are ..

Gear Grinding Machines – Matrix
www.matrix-machine.com › gear-grinding-machines
Jan 25, 2017 - MFG-3540 220G CNC Gear Form Grinding Machine. MIN/Max Workpiece Outside Diameter 30mm | 400mm. Max Module M8(DP3.2)(Diamond Point ...

Effect of Manual Grinding Operations on Surface ... - CORE
core.ac.uk › download › pdf
PDF
by J Das - ‎2016 - ‎Cited by 12 - ‎Related articles
Jun 4, 2017 - Manual grinding operations are influenced by a number of variants such as a worker's posture and motion, in addition to the general parameters affecting ...

A Semiautomatic, Cleaning Room Grinding Method for the ...
asmedigitalcollection.asme.org › manufacturingscience › article › A-Se...
by D Wang - ‎2017 - ‎Related articles
Sep 10, 2017 - This paper presents a semi-automated grinding system for the postprocessing of metalcastings. Grinding is an important procedure in the “cleaning room” of a ...

8 Tips to Beat the Grinder Setup Grind - Canadian Metalworking
www.canadianmetalworking.com › canadianmetalworking › article
Mar 15, 2017 - Interrupting the circular motion of a grinding wheel for a new setup interrupts the flow of production and profits. But flexibility is the name of the game in many ...


2016
Crankshaft Manufacturing , flexible machining system FMS
30 Oct 2016
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KD-zpEeGNkY

2015




High speed CNC grinding - Fanucwww.fanuc.eu › industrial-applications › cnc-grinding
Apr 15, 2015 - Learn all about high speed CNC grinding with outstanding accuracy for perfect surfaces and increased productivity.

fabrication of cylindrical grinding attachment on lathe machine ...www.ijmerr.com › ...
PDF
by DH Kumar - ‎2015 - ‎Cited by 2 - ‎Related articles
Jan 21, 2015 - methods of producing such parts is by a cylindrical grinding attachment on a ... the present study heavy duty lathe was retrofitted with a grinding attachment.

Specific grinding energy and surface roughness of ...www.sciencedirect.com › science › article › pii
by D Zhang - ‎2015 - ‎Cited by 69 - ‎Related articles
Apr 15, 2015 - Nanoparticles with the anti-wear and friction reducing features were applied as cooling lubricant in the grinding fluid. Dry grinding, flood grinding, minimal ...

Eliminate CNC Grinding Mistakes - Canadian Metalworkingwww.canadianmetalworking.com › article › eliminate-cnc-grinding-m...
Apr 15, 2015 - Using the wrong grinding wheel, dressing too frequently, and misusing coolant are three mistakes that can derail a successful grinding operation.

(PDF) High efficiency deep grinding with very high removal rateswww.researchgate.net › publication › 257337121_High_efficiency_d...
Oct 14, 2015 - High efficiency deep grinding (HEDG) achieves very high removal rates with moderate temperature rise. It is shown that key factors are high wheel speeds, large ...

Effective flute grinding | Cutting Tool Engineeringwww.ctemag.com › news › articles › effective-flute-grinding
Sep 1, 2015 - Whether you are grinding HSS or Tungsten Carbide, the flute grinding process is the most difficult feature to grind in round tool manufacturing. Though there are ...

Gear Generating Grinding Machine G 250 | Samputensiliwww.samputensili.com › products
Oct 13, 2015 - Samputensili gear generating grinding G 250 is an innovative, compact and extremely flexible gear grinding machine.

Grinding Versus Turning - Manufacturing Newswww.mfgnewsweb.com › Finishing-Grinding-Abrasives-jun15 › Grin...
Jun 1, 2015 - Cutting. While the lathe is still working away, the high-speed grinding process has long finished the job. Profiling. While the lathe is still working away, the ...


How to 'ring test' a grinding wheel - Oregon OSHAosha.oregon.gov › newsletters › OSHAConstructionDepot › 2015/01
Jan 21, 2015 - How to "ring test" a grinding wheel. ring test. Grinding wheels must be inspected and "ring-tested" before they are mounted to ensure that they are free from ...

Grinding Gamma Titanium Aluminide Article | Norton Abrasiveswww.nortonabrasives.com › en-us › resources › expertise › grinding-...
Aug 13, 2015 - Norton experts weigh in on grinding titanium aluminide components for the aerospace and automotive industries. Originally published by Manufacturing.

Milling vs. Grinding for Rapid Stock Removal - SMEwww.sme.org › technologies › articles › february › milling-vs.-grindi...
Feb 16, 2015 - A recent effort by the Norton Advanced Applications Engineering Group demonstrates that for difficult-to-machine materials, grinding can be an economical ...

Grinding of AISI 4340 steel with interrupted cutting by ... - SciELOwww.scielo.br › scielo
by HJ Mello - ‎2015 - ‎Cited by 1 - ‎Related articles
Jun 9, 2015 - There has been a great advance in the grinding process by the development of dressing, lubri-refrigeration and other methods. Nevertheless, all of these ...

Lessons in Grinding: Modern Machine Shopwww.mmsonline.com › blog › post › lessons-in-grinding
Sep 22, 2015 - A two-day event at United Grinding's headquarters highlighted a range of new grinding strategies and approaches for many of today's challenging applications.


Development of In-Process Monitoring System for Grinding ...www.scientific.net › AMR.1136.624
by Y Fukuhara - ‎2016 - ‎Cited by 4 - ‎Related articles
Nov 5, 2015 - Grinding is a machining technology for plane surfaces and cylindrical surfaces in general. In comparison with cutting, higher accuracy can be provided and it is ...

Form Grind Case Study | UNITED GRINDINGwww.grinding.com › ... › Case Studies › Form Grind Case Study
Sep 11, 2015 - Form Grind Corporation, located in Rancho Santa Margarita, California, employs precision grinders, innovative processes and experienced staff to process ...

Modeling and analysis of grinding forces based on the single ...link.springer.com › article
by A Azizi - ‎2015 - ‎Cited by 33 - ‎Related articles
Jan 7, 2015 - Creating scratch by an abrasive grit is mostly investigated to enhance the finishing processes. The grinding process is such that a number of abrasives wit.

Optimization of Cylindrical Grinding Process Parameters on ...www.ijera.com › papers › Vol5_issue1
PDF
Jan 15, 2015 - Optimization of Cylindrical Grinding Process Parameters on. C40E Steel Using Taguchi Technique. *Naresh Kumar, **Himanshu Tripathi, ***Sandeep Gandotra.

Diamond Grinding and Grooving - Wisconsin Concrete ...www.wisconcrete.org › wp-content › uploads › 2015/03 › 9.-Diamon...
PDF
Mar 9, 2015 - Differentiate between diamond grinding and diamond grooving and list the purpose of each. 2. List characteristics of other surface texturing techniques (OTCS

List of Rail grinding Companies and Vendors in the RT&S ...www.rtandsdirectory.com › category › track-rail-maintenance › rail-g...
Aug 5, 2015 - Compare and research Rail grinding companies. Download white papers, review products and read news.

Grinding damage assessment on four high-strength ceramics.www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › pubmed
by JJ Canneto - ‎2016 - ‎Cited by 33 - ‎Related articles
Dec 22, 2015 - OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess surface and subsurface damage on 4 CAD-CAM high-strength ceramics after grinding with diamond ..

Control Technology, Mechanical ... - SMS Maschinenbau GmbHwww.sms-gmbh.de › about-us
Apr 30, 2015 - By gaining high experience and large know-how in the build of grinding ... toothing SMS became an important specialist for new CNC-thread grinding machines.

Micro Grinding Systems - Glebarwww.glebar.com › machines › micro-grinding-systems
May 4, 2015 - Glebar's Micro Grinding Systems grind parts from a variety of industries, from semiconductor probe pins to a wide array of medical components, such as medical ...

Accurate Tooth Lead Crowning without Twist in Cylindrical ...journals.sagepub.com › doi
by H Zhang - ‎2014 - ‎Cited by 2 - ‎Related articles
Feb 12, 2015 - Form grinding is a popular finishing process in manufacturing cylindrical gears with tooth flank modification. The tooth flanks are usually twisted when a lead ...




How to ID grind within .0002 made easy by Don Bailey
3 Nov 2015, YouTube Video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BTnSOq2B6FI