2023 BEST E-Book on #IndustrialEngineering.
INTRODUCTION TO MODERN INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING.PRODUCT INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING - FACILITIES INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING - PROCESS INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING. Free Download.
https://academia.edu/103626052/INTRODUCTION_TO_MODERN_INDUSTRIAL_ENGINEERING_Version_3_0
Lesson 253 of IEKC Industrial Engineering ONLINE Course Notes.
Engineering in Industrial Engineering - Machine work study or machine effort improvement, value engineering and design for manufacturing and assembly are major engineering based IE methods. All are available as existing methods.
Product Design for Manufacture and Assembly, Third Edition
Geoffrey Boothroyd, Peter Dewhurst, Winston A. Knight
CRC Press, 08-Dec-2010 - Technology & Engineering - 712 pages
https://books.google.co.in/books/about/Product_Design_for_Manufacture_and_Assem.html?id=W2FDCcVPBcAC
Note: It is important to read the books by Boothroyd to understand the full method of DFMA. The DFMA method is to be combined with Value Analysis and Engineering to do product industrial engineering. In the note only attempt is made to make readers aware of issues raised and solutions proposed by DFMA method.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SPAinfF8iBU
Design Decision Guide for Powder Metallurgy
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n-2oOq3Ao9U
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Economics and Production Quantities
Because of the use of automatic presses and expensive tooling, the process is more suitable to large-quantity production runs.
Quantities of 20,000 pieces and larger are usually considered as acceptable for production. The cost of production is much lower in quantities of 100,000 pieces or more produced at one setup of the press. Some companies manufacture or buy 1 or 2 years’ requirements at one setup of a press in order to take advantage of the economy offered. The capability of this process to manufacture components of very complex shape to extremely close tolerances has, however, led to a demand for small-quantity production even at the premium cost that must be paid for the smaller quantities.
Extremely high-speed presses are available for special applications producing 1 million pieces per month. (James Bralla, 1999).
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SOME DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR POWDER METAL PARTS
The complexity of powder metal parts increases with the number of levels in the part and with the number of through holes in the part, since these require separate tooling elements in the tool set, which increase tooling and other costs. Intricate profiles, including those with significant detail, can be readily produced. However, features that result in thin sections in the compaction tooling elements, which may have a detrimental effect on their life, should be avoided if possible.
For example, in multilevel parts, small step widths in the part can result in very thin punch elements that are prone to premature failure and reduced tool life. Thus minimum step widths for all level changes should be specified.
Similarly, changes in thickness of the part that result in weak punch sections should be avoided. For example, the compaction of a near spherical shape can be achieved by suitable redesign. Also the shape of the individual level profiles can result in very fragile punch profiles, particularly where edges meet tangentially. Small changes in the level profiles that avoid very thin punch sections should be made where appropriate.
https://www.pickpm.com/design-resource-center/design-considerations/
Design consideration for powder metallurgy
https://www.slideshare.net/Lahiru_Dilshan/design-consideration-for-powder-metallurgy
Good presentation slides
https://www.academia.edu/9805118/Design_For_Powder_Metallurgy_PM_Process
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News - Articles
Powder Metallurgy Review, Spring 2021, Vol. 10 No. 1
https://www.pm-review.com/powder-metallurgy-review-archive/powder-metallurgy-review-spring-2021-vol-10-no-1/
https://issuu.com/inovar-communications/docs/pm_review_spring_2020?fr=sYWIxZjEwMDkwMTA
Monday, June 21, 2021
State of the PM Industry in North America—2021
Dean Howard, PMT, President, Metal Powder Industries Federation
https://www.mpif.org/News/PressReleases/TabId/166/ArtMID/1129/ArticleID/545/State-of-the-PM-Industry-in-North-America%E2%80%942021.aspx
What Will Be the Future of Powder Metallurgy?
November 2018Powder Metallurgy Progress 18(2):70-79
DOI:10.1515/pmp-2018-0008
Authors:
Herbert Danninger
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329804463_What_Will_Be_the_Future_of_Powder_Metallurgy
PMSC 21 - Powder Metallurgy Association of India
https://www.pmai.in/asset/pdf/PMSC%202021.pdf
EPMA News
https://www.epma.com/epma-news
Metal Powder ReportVol. 74, No. 6Special Feature
Low-cost Fe-bearing powder metallurgy Ti alloys
L. Bolzoni
Published Online:12 Nov 2021https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mprp.2019.01.007
Low-cost titanium alloys could find their way into cost-sensitive sectors such as the automotive bringing significant environmental benefits and potentially leading to the stabilization of the titanium market, with an associated further reduction in costs. This work presents an overview of the advancements made on the understanding of the design, manufacturing and properties of low-cost Fe-bearing Ti alloys manufactured via powder metallurgy.
https://www.magonlinelibrary.com/doi/abs/10.1016/j.mprp.2019.01.007?journalCode=mprp
Old article
Vol. 12 No. 2 (1979) / Articles
Metal Fabricating Process by Powder Metallurgy
Authors
D.N. Adnyana
Mechanical Engineering Department, Institute of Technology Bandung
Abstract
Abstract. The aim of this introductory paper is to consider some of the important principles that are commonly involved in the field of powder metallurgy. These principles cover a general description of the interrelations of the various effects in the powder metallurgy such as characterization of powders, compaction and sintering. Their influences on all process routes are described and their pertinent relations to the experimental results are discussed.
https://journals.itb.ac.id/index.php/jmfs/article/view/9590
Powder Metallurgy Inspection
POSTED 10/14/2021
The machine inspection solution also offers superior productivity. The volume inspected per day can reach up to 86 thousand samples with an inspection time of 1 second per sample, compared to approximately 4000 sample inspections per worker, per day.
https://www.automate.org/case-studies/powder-metallurgy-inspection
High-Quality High-Productivity Manufacturing - by N IGARASHI · 2017
https://global-sei.com/technology/tr/bn85/pdf/85-10.pdf
About Powder Metallurgy (Sintered Metal) - Mitsubishi Materials Techno
Powder metallurgy is a technology for producing high precision components by putting metal powder and ceramic powder into a mold, applying high pressure to set its shape, and sintering with high temperature to increase its strength. The production process consists of blending, compacting, sintering, and sizing. This technology is used in different fields, such as making products for automobiles, household appliances, computers, mobile phones, and many other products. At Mitsubishi Materials Techno, we provide various technologies, including powder compacting machinery, sintering furnaces, and sizing presses that are essential for producing the components for the products we use in our daily lives.
https://www.mmtec.co.jp/english/products/press/
Energy and material efficiency of steel powder metallurgy
By Jose M.C. Azevedo -June 15, 2019
Powder metallurgy processes provide opportunities that are not available when using material in the conventional form: Melting is not required in order to form complex components, and the rapid solidification typical of powder production allows for use of highly alloyed compositions.
https://thermalprocessing.com/energy-and-material-efficiency-of-steel-powder-metallurgy/
Rotary batch mixer yields high-quality blends for powder metallurgy
EMPORIUM, PA — GKN Sinter Metals Inc. is the world's largest manufacturer of parts made by powder metallurgy, a molding process that produces complex shapes with a range of properties. Powder metallurgy offers benefits in part fabrication over competing metal processes. It is faster than forging or casting and permits the use of more performance-enhancing alloys than die-casting. GKN Sinter Metals, Auburn Hills, MI, has about 40 sites worldwide, producing components like gears, bearings, and pulleys for automotive engines and transmissions, lawn and garden products, home appliances, and power tools.
A critical part of GKN's operations is blending metal powders. At the company's Emporium, PA, plant, GKN relies primarily on a 205 cu ft (5.8 cu m) Rotary Batch Mixer from Munson Machinery Co. Inc., Utica, NY, to process millions of pounds of powder every year. The mixer handles truckload-size batches of just over 45,000 lb (20,412 kg), and provides the mixing efficiency necessary to formulate high-performance grades, says Matt Grimone, powder process engineer at GKN. To handle the weight, the mixer was configured with dual drives.
The mixer can effectively process batch volumes as low as 15% of rated capacity, thus eliminating the need for multiple machines for smaller-batch processing.
https://www.munsonmachinery.com/Articles/article.php?ID=T-0326
POWDER METALLURGY: AN ADVANCED TECHNIQUE OF PROCESSING ENGINEERING MATERIALS
B. K. DATTA
PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., 22-Mar-2014 - Technology & Engineering - 232 pages
The textbook introduces the students to the science and technology of powder metallurgy including the treatment of ceramic powders and powders of some intermetallic compounds. With improved organization and enriched contents, the book explores a thorough coverage of various aspects of powder metallurgy involving raw materials, various methods of production of metallic powders and non-metallic powders, their characteristics, technological aspects of compacting and sintering, various applications of powder metallurgy technology using different techniques as well as most of the recent developments in powder metallurgy. With all the latest information incorporated and several key pedagogical attributes included, this textbook is an invaluable learning tool for the undergraduate students of metallurgical and materials engineering for a one semester course on powder metallurgy. It also caters to the students of mechanical engineering, automobile engineering, aerospace engineering, industrial and production engineering for their courses in manufacturing technology, processes and practices. HIGHLIGHTS OF SECOND EDITION • Sections exploring the grinding in mills, disintegration of liquid metals and alloys, some more methods for the production of iron powder by reduction of oxides, metallothermic reduction of oxides, etc. have been included. • Sections on mechanical comminution of solid materials, structural P/M parts, etc. have been modified highlighting an up to date version. • Several types of questions have been incorporated in the additional questions given at the end of book to guide the students from examination and practice point of view.AUDIENCE • For Undergraduate students of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering for a one semester course on powder metallurgy. • Mechanical Engineering, Automobile Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Industrial and Production Engineering for their courses in manufacturing technology, processes and practices.
https://books.google.co.in/books?id=0o9eBAAAQBAJ
Powder Metallurgy: Fundamentals and Case Studies
Leszek A. Dobrzański
BoD – Books on Demand, 29-Mar-2017 - Technology & Engineering - 394 pages
The book presents the fundamentals and the role of powder metallurgy in contemporary technologies and the state of the art of classical powder metallurgy technologies and a general description of new variants and special and hybrid technologies used in powder metallurgy. The next part includes over a dozen case studies provided in the following chapters, comprehensively describing authors' accomplishments of numerous teams from different countries across the world in advanced research areas relating to powder metallurgy and to special and hybrid technologies.
https://books.google.co.in/books?id=5m-QDwAAQBAJ
Advances in Powder Metallurgy: Properties, Processing and Applications
Isaac Chang, Yuyuan Zhao
Elsevier, 31-Aug-2013 - Technology & Engineering - 624 pages
Powder metallurgy (PM) is a popular metal forming technology used to produce dense and precision components. Different powder and component forming routes can be used to create an end product with specific properties for a particular application or industry. Advances in powder metallurgy explores a range of materials and techniques used for powder metallurgy and the use of this technology across a variety of application areas.
Part one discusses the forming and shaping of metal powders and includes chapters on atomisation techniques, electrolysis and plasma synthesis of metallic nanopowders. Part two goes on to highlight specific materials and their properties including advanced powdered steel alloys, porous metals and titanium alloys. Part three reviews the manufacture and densification of PM components and explores joining techniques, process optimisation in powder component manufacturing and non-destructive evaluation of PM parts. Finally, part four focusses on the applications of PM in the automotive industry and the use of PM in the production of cutting tools and biomaterials.
Advances in powder metallurgy is a standard reference for structural engineers and component manufacturers in the metal forming industry, professionals working in industries that use PM components and academics with a research interest in the field.
Discusses the forming and shaping of metal powders and includes chapters on atomisation techniques
Highlights specific materials and their properties including advanced powdered steel alloys, porous metals and titanium alloys
Reviews the manufacture and densification of PM components and explores joining techniques
https://books.google.co.in/books?id=hvxDAgAAQBAJ
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REFERENCES
1. MPIF, Powder Metallurgy Design Manual, Metal Powder Industries Federation, Princeton, NJ, 1989.
2. Mosca, E., Powder Metallurgy: Criteria for Design and Inspection, Associozone Industriali Metallugici Meccanici Affini, Turin, 1984.
516 Chapter 11 3. MPIF, Powder Metallurgy: Principles and Applications, Metal Powder Industries
Federation, Princeton, NJ, 1980. 4. Hoeganaes Iron Corp., Iron Powder Handbook, Riverton, NJ, 1962.
5. MPIF Standard No. 35, Material Standards for P/M Structural Parts, Metal Powder Industries Federation, Princeton, NJ, 1990.
6. MPIF Standard No. 35, Material Standards for P/M Self-Lubricating Bearings, Metal Powder Industries Federation, Princeton, NJ, 1991.
7. Kloos, K.H., VDI Berichte, No. 77, p. 193, 1977.
8. American Society of Metals, Metals Handbook, Vol. 7, Powder Metallurgy, ASM, Metals Park, OH, 1984.
9. Bradbury, S., Powder Metallurgy Equipment Manual, Metal Powder Industries Federation, Princeton, NJ, 1986.
10. Fumo, A., Early Cost Estimating for Sintered Powder Metal Components, M.S.Thesis, Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, 1988.
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