Thursday, April 3, 2025

Cooperation - Importance in Industrial Engineering

2025 - A to Z Industrial Engineering - Blogging Theme - Industrial Engineering Benefits the Society and Organizations




Industrial Engineering - Systems/Processes/Methods Improvement Using Engineering solutions creatively.

Industrial Engineering - Prime focus - Productivity Improvement.

Productivity improvement gives National Prosperity and Organization Prosperity.



Source: https://www.linkedin.com/posts/national-productivity-council-gandhinagar_cartoonseriesabr10-productivity-economicgrowth-activity-7301162658278379520-eyyl




A to Z of Industrial Engineering - Blogging Challenge April 2025 - Proposed Posts

https://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2025/02/a-to-z-of-industrial-engineering.html


Existing Collection of Articles

A to Z of Industrial Engineering - Principles, Methods, Techniques, Tools and Applications

https://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2018/06/a-to-z-of-industrial-engineering.html


Cooperation - Importance in  Industrial Engineering


Principles of Scientific Management - Taylor

The managers following scientific management thought do the following things.


Third. They heartily cooperate with the men so as to insure all of the work being done in accordance with the principles of the science which has been developed.

Fourth. There is an almost equal division of the work and the responsibility between the management and the workmen. The management take over all work for which they are better fitted than the workmen, while in the past almost all of the work and the greater part of the responsibility were thrown upon the men.

Cooperation and mutual increase in incomes are the principles on which the factory system is established. Why should an artisan working on his own and earning a good income join a factory under a different owner as wage employee? The artisan joins a factory as there is promise of higher wages compared to the income he is earning as an independent artisan. From where does this extra income come from? It comes from the productivity increase of the factory system. The increase in productivity comes from process changes brought about by the owner of the factory. As the factories become big managers enter the picture.  Industrial engineering is a management discipline with foundation in engineering with focus on efficiency or productivity improvement. 

Industrial engineers also have to work on the basis of cooperation principles. They have to cooperate with operators, foremen, engineers and managers to do the job of increasing productivity and other performance dimensions through engineering and management improvements.

Industrial Engineering Principle 17. Hearty cooperation Principle of Industrial Engineering.

Industrial engineers and managers must have cooperative attitudes. They are in the production system to facilitate work. 

An industrial engineer does not exploit anybody in the organization.



How to develop hearty cooperation?

F.W. Taylor included hearty cooperation as a principles in Scientific management. But how to achieve hearty cooperation was not described by him. As an engineer by education and profession, he is not the right person to discuss how to achieve it. In his writing he might have mention some acts he has done to increase cooperation.  Henri Fayol in his essay on "General and Industrial Administration" also included cooperation as a principle. Chester Barnard discussed cooperation in much more detail. At the present moment, Organizational Behavior is the subject that is discussing cooperation in more detail as the subject is concerned with managers and employees in organizations.

Industrial engineers have to master the subject of Organizational Behavior, implement it in the practice and must engage continuous discussion regarding the utility and limitation of the concepts, relations, and implications developed so far in the discipline.

Introduction to Organizational Behavior - Online Book

Principles of Industrial Engineering - Presentation 


by Dr. K.V.S.S. Narayana Rao in the 2017Annual Conference of IISE (Institute of Industrial and Systems Engineering) at Pittsburgh, USA on 23 May 2017


________________________

 ________________________



Principles of Industrial Engineering - Narayana Rao - Detailed List

Clicking on the link will take you to more detailed content on the principle


The full paper on the principles by Prof. K.V.S.S. Narayana Rao is now available for downloading from IISE 2017 Annual Conference Proceedings in Proquest Journal Base.

Wednesday, April 2, 2025

Behavioral Sciences and Industrial Engineering

 2025 - A to Z Industrial Engineering - Blogging Theme - Industrial Engineering Benefits the Society and Organizations




Industrial Engineering - Systems/Processes/Methods Improvement Using Engineering solutions creatively.

Industrial Engineering - Prime focus - Productivity Improvement.

Productivity improvement gives National Prosperity and Organization Prosperity.



Source: https://www.linkedin.com/posts/national-productivity-council-gandhinagar_cartoonseriesabr10-productivity-economicgrowth-activity-7301162658278379520-eyyl




A to Z of Industrial Engineering - Blogging Challenge April 2025 - Proposed Posts

https://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2025/02/a-to-z-of-industrial-engineering.html


Existing Collection of Articles

A to Z of Industrial Engineering - Principles, Methods, Techniques, Tools and Applications

https://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2018/06/a-to-z-of-industrial-engineering.html



Behavioral Sciences and Industrial Engineering


Industrial engineers have to learn concepts and theories of behavioral sciences and use them appropriately in industrial engineering practice.

F.W. Taylor was hailed as the father of industrial engineering. He emphasized the importance of understanding human behavior and human relations by manages and industrial engineers. 


"No system of management, however good, should be applied in a wooden way. The proper personal relations should always be maintained between the employers and men; and even the prejudices of the workmen should be considered in dealing with them.

"The employer who goes through his works with kid gloves on, and is never known to dirty his hands or clothes, and who either talks to his men in a condescending or patronizing way, or else not at all, has no chance whatever of ascertaining their real thoughts or feelings.

"Above all is it desirable that men should be talked to on their own level by those who are over them. Each man should be encouraged to discuss any trouble which he may have, either in the works or outside, with those over him. Men would far rather even be blamed by their bosses, especially if the 'tearing out' has a touch of human nature and feeling in it, than to be passed by day after day without a word, and with no more notice than if they were part of the machinery.

"The opportunity which each man should have of airing his mind freely, and having it out with his employers, is a safety-valve; and if the superintendents are reasonable men, and listen to and treat with respect what their men have to say, there is absolutely no reason for labor unions and strikes.

"It is not the large charities (however generous they may be) that are needed or appreciated by workmen so much as small acts of personal kindness and sympathy, which establish a bond of friendly feeling between them and their employers.

"The moral effect of this system on the men is marked. The feeling that substantial justice is being done them renders them on the whole much more manly, straightforward, and truthful. They work more cheerfully, and are more obliging to one another and their employers. They are not soured, as under the old system, by brooding over the injustice done them; and their spare minutes are not spent to the same extent in criticizing their employers."

The writer has a profound respect for the working men of this country. He is proud to say that he has as many firm friends among them as among his other friends who were born in a different class, and he believes that quite as many men of fine character and ability are to be found among the former as in the latter. Being himself a college educated man, and having filled the various positions of foreman, master mechanic, chief draftsman, chief engineer, general superintendent, general manager, auditor, and head of the sales department, on the one hand, and on the other hand having been for several years a workman, as apprentice, laborer, machinist, and gang boss, his sympathies are equally divided between the two classes.

Behavioral Science - Accurate Study of the Motives Which Influence Men. - Taylor in Scientific Management Paper.


There is another type of scientific investigation which has been referred to several times in this paper, and which should receive special attention, namely, the accurate study of the motives which influence men. At first it may appear that this is a matter for individual observation and judgment, and is not a proper subject for exact scientific experiments. It is true that the laws which result from experiments of this class, owing to the fact that the very complex organism--the human being--is being experimented with, are subject to a larger number of exceptions than is the case with laws relating to material things. And yet laws of this kind, which apply to a large majority of men, unquestionably exist, and when clearly defined are of great value as a guide in dealing with men. In developing these laws, accurate, carefully planned and executed experiments, extending through a term of years, have been made, similar in a general way to the experiments upon various other elements which have been referred to in this paper.


Principles of Industrial Engineering  

Principle of Human Effort Engineering


Human resources employed in engineering systems have their own needs. Industrial engineers are unique in engineering disciplines in taking up the engineering of human effort. 

They have to synthesize the theories of human sciences, some of which are developed by industrial engineering also, to design human work for an optimal combination of productivity, income, comfort, health, safety and satisfaction of the employed.




Industrial engineers have to study the behavioral sciences in their undergraduate and graduate studies and keep updating their knowledge with developments.



Organizational Behavior Book by Fred Luthans - Review Notes


Organizational behavior is concerned with behavior of people. How they are going to respond to the actions of their colleagues, the supervisors and managers and also customers and suppliers are discussed in this subject.  The knowledge of this subject is to be converted into skills by adequate role plays and well designed procedures that students and readers can practice in their day to day interactions.

1. Introduction to Organizational Behavior

2. Environmental context: Information Technology and Globalization

3. Environmental context: Diversity and Ethics

4. Organizational Context: Design and Culture

5. Organizational Context:: Reward Systems

Cognitive Processes

6. Perception and Attribution

7. Personality and Attitudes

8. Motivational Needs and Processes

9. Positive Psychology Approach to OB

Dynamics of Organizational Behavior

10. Communication

11. Decision Making

12. Stress and Conflict - Negotiation Process (in more detail)

13. Power and Politics

14. Groups and Teams

Managing and Leading for High Performance

15. Managing Performance through Job Design and Goal Setting

16. Behavioral Performance Management

17. Effective Leadership Process

18. Great Leaders: Styles, Activities, and Skills


Organizational Behavior Subject Updates
























Tuesday, April 1, 2025

Advances in Engineering and Industrial Engineering - Relevance to Industrial Engineers and Industrial Engineering

 

2025 - A to Z Industrial Engineering - Blogging Theme.

Industrial Engineering Benefits the Society and Organizations




Industrial Engineering - Systems/Processes/Methods Improvement Using Engineering Solutions Creatively.

Industrial Engineering - Prime focus - Productivity Improvement.

Productivity improvement gives National Prosperity and Organization Prosperity.



Source: https://www.linkedin.com/posts/national-productivity-council-gandhinagar_cartoonseriesabr10-productivity-economicgrowth-activity-7301162658278379520-eyyl




A to Z of Industrial Engineering - Blogging Challenge April 2025 - Proposed Posts

https://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2025/02/a-to-z-of-industrial-engineering.html


Existing Collection of Articles

A to Z of Industrial Engineering - Principles, Methods, Techniques, Tools and Applications



https://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2018/06/a-to-z-of-industrial-engineering.html


Advances in Engineering and Industrial Engineering - Relevance to Industrial Engineers and Industrial Engineering


Industrial engineers have to monitor engineering and industrial engineering developments to identify and utilize the new concepts, materials, parts. tools and machine etc. for profitable deployment in their systems and processes. 


Say YES to Knowledge Based Industrial Engineering. 

Use recent developments in engineering & technologies in process improvement for productivity.

Forward Thinking About Productivity: Assess each engineering and technology develop about its productivity benefit for the processes of your organization.

2025 Machine Shop Engineering, Technology & Industrial Engineering - Productivity Improvement & Cost Reduction News.
 

https://www.themachinist.in/category/machine-tools  (A Times group magazine) 


https://mfgnewsweb.com/archives.aspx

Metal Working Equipment News 

https://www.equipment-news.com/

Twitter Hashtag Machining

https://twitter.com/hashtag/Machining


Productivity Science of Machining - F.W. Taylor - Experiments and Results.

Free Download

https://www.academia.edu/104259034/Productivity_Science_of_Machining_F_W_Taylor_Experiments_and_Results


https://shopmetaltech.com/category/cutting-tools/


Manufacturing design and process planning

https://www.manufacturingsolutions.sandvik/en/our-offering/manufacturing-design-and-process-planning/


Tuesday, March 25, 2025

2025 Machine Shop Engineering, Technology & Industrial Engineering - Productivity Improvement & Cost Reduction News

 

Say YES to Knowledge Based Industrial Engineering. 

Use recent developments in engineering & technologies in process improvement for productivity. Develop files for each production process and accumulate the items of your interest. Do knowledge management.

Forward Thinking About Productivity: Assess each engineering and technology develop about its productivity benefit for the processes of your organization.
 

https://www.themachinist.in/category/machine-tools  (A Times group magazine) 


https://mfgnewsweb.com/archives.aspx

Metal Working Equipment News 

https://www.equipment-news.com/

Twitter Hashtag Machining

https://twitter.com/hashtag/Machining


Productivity Science of Machining - F.W. Taylor - Experiments and Results.

Free Download

https://www.academia.edu/104259034/Productivity_Science_of_Machining_F_W_Taylor_Experiments_and_Results


https://shopmetaltech.com/category/cutting-tools/


Manufacturing design and process planning

https://www.manufacturingsolutions.sandvik/en/our-offering/manufacturing-design-and-process-planning/


2025 News - Some Important Developments



Manufacturing’s AI Era is Here

March 5, 2025

Generative AI is helping to address the manufacturing skills shortage by improving training, encouraging proficiency, and documenting the experiences that enhance productivity and workplace safety.

Yannick Haeck

The manufacturing industry is heading toward an AI-powered future, with workforce training and development, becoming an important area benefiting from it.

https://www.americanmachinist.com/shop-operations/article/55272406/the-manufacturing-ai-era-is-here-poka-inc




14 Feb

Efficiency, precision, and a breakthrough you don’t want to miss


Sandvik Coromant

February 14, 2025

https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/efficiency-precision-breakthrough-you-dont-want-miss-sfaqf/



Ud. 25.3.2025

Pub. 14.2.2025

March - Industrial Engineering Lessons - Notes - Industrial Engineering Knowledge Center

 




Optimization - Mathematics and Statistics




382
Crankshaft - Engineering Optimization - Bibliography


Optimization - Minimization of Resources Used in Big Data Storage and Analysis


Engineering Optimization - Courses and Resources

What is mathematical programming?
http://coral.ie.lehigh.edu/~ted/files/ie316/lectures/Lecture1.pdf

Examples of Mathematical Programming.
http://coral.ie.lehigh.edu/~ted/files/ie316/lectures/Lecture2.pdf



Simplex Method
http://mat.gsia.cmu.edu/classes/QUANT/NOTES/chap7.pdf

Transportation Problem
http://orms.pef.czu.cz/text/transProblem.html

Queing Models
http://orms.pef.czu.cz/text/QueTeory/QueuingModels.html

Simulation

http://orms.pef.czu.cz/text/NolinearProgramming/simulation.html


An Overview of Optimization Techniques for CNC Milling Machine
https://www.alliedjournals.com/download_data/IJEMS_V1IS50005.pdf

New Technology and Optimization of Mobile Phone Battery
https://theseus.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/110646/Liu%20Jian_Zhang%20Yixian.pdf?sequence=1

Combustion Optimization in PF Boilers
http://www.eecpowerindia.com/codelibrary/ckeditor/ckfinder/userfiles/files/Session%201%20Combustion%20and%20Optimisation%20in%20coal%20fired%20boilers_KBP_17_09_2013.pdf

Application of Optimization Techniques in the Power System Control
https://uni-obuda.hu/journal/Kadar_43.pdf

More cases to illustrate the application in each operation of the process chart will be collected.


Overview of injection molding process optimization technology

Optimal inspection strategy for a multi-stage production process using simulation optimization.

Optimization of material handling in production by G Ioannou · 2004


Optimization designed to optimize surgery scheduling for a hospital system.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LHlAAuQTfgQ


IE Statistics - Six Sigma Module Lessons


Lesson 401

Statistics and Industrial Engineering

http://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2012/07/statistics-and-industrial-engineering.html

402

Statistical Quality Control – Industrial Engineering

https://nraomtr.blogspot.com/2011/12/statistical-quality-control-industrial.html


403
Basics of Statistics

https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Industrial_and_Systems_Engineering/Book%3A_Chemical_Process_Dynamics_and_Controls_(Woolf)/13%3A_Statistics_and_Probability_Background/13.01%3A_Basic_statistics-_mean%2C_median%2C_average%2C_standard_deviation%2C_z-scores%2C_and_p-value




404

Statistical Process Control
http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/pmc/section1/pmc12.htm
http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/pmc/section3/pmc3.htm

Evaluation Improvement of Production Productivity Performance using Statistical Process Control, Overall Equipment Efficiency, and Autonomous Maintenance,
Amir Azizi
Procedia Manufacturing
Volume 2, 2015, Pages 186-190
open access
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2351978915000335

405

Statistical Quality Control
http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/pmc/section2/pmc2.htm


406

Calculation of Sample Sizes in Work Measurement and Work Sampling

http://www.measuringu.com/sample_continuous.htm
http://www.prenhall.com/divisions/bp/app/russellcd/PROTECT/CHAPTERS/CHAP08/HEAD06.HTM  (WorK measurement full chapter - Includes sample size calculation for time study and work sampling)

407

Test of Hypothesis

Test of hypothesis is to be used by industrial engineers to confirm or validate that their redesign or a process has resulted in the increase of productivity. This becomes useful when there is variation in the output from various workstations or persons.  We can also visualize activities in different places. In such case we test the hypothesis that productivity has improved in the workstations where redesign is is implemented.

http://www.randomservices.org/random/hypothesis/index.html

HYPOTHESIS TESTING FOR THE PROCESS CAPABILITY RATIO - 2002 MS Thesis
https://etd.ohiolink.edu/!etd.send_file%3Faccession%3Dohiou1040054409%26disposition%3Dinline

One More presentation
http://fac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/DOE_Lecture%204%20test%20of%20hypothesis.pdf

408

Design of Experiments

http://asq.org/learn-about-quality/data-collection-analysis-tools/overview/design-of-experiments-tutorial.html

http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/pmd/section3/pmd31.htm


409

Six Sigma

http://www.intechopen.com/books/quality-management-and-six-sigma/six-sigma

http://nraomtr.blogspot.com/2014/05/six-sigma-introduction.html


410

Initiating Six Sigma - IE Six Sigma - Robust Productive Process Design


https://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2022/03/initiating-six-sigma-ie-six-sigma.html

411

Measurements for Six Sigma - IE Six Sigma - Robust Productive Process Design

https://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2022/03/measurements-for-six-sigma-ie-six-sigma.html


412

Data Analysis for Six Sigma - IE Six Sigma - Robust Productive Process Design

https://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2022/03/data-analysis-for-six-sigma-ie-six.html

413

Improve The Process - IE Six Sigma - Robust Productive Process Design

https://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2022/03/improve-process-ie-six-sigma-robust.html

414

Control the Process - IE Six Sigma - Robust Productive Process Design

https://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2022/03/control-process-ie-six-sigma-robust.html

415

Implementing and Getting Results from Six Sigma - IE Six Sigma - Robust Productive Process Design

https://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2022/03/implementing-and-getting-results-from.html


416

Design for Six Sigma (DFSS) - IE Six Sigma - Robust Productive Process Design

https://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2022/03/design-for-six-sigma-dfss-ie-six-sigma.html

417

Application of Six Sigma. Successful Projects from the Application of Six Sigma Methodology - Jaime Sanchez and Adan Valles-Chavez.

https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/17409



Additional Content


Application of Six Sigma
http://www.wseas.us/e-library/conferences/2013/Vouliagmeni/INMAT/INMAT-01.pdf

Application of Six Sigma
http://www.journalamme.org/papers_amme05/1414.pdf



Applied Industrial Engineering - IE in Various Branches of Industrial Engineering

Industrial engineering is primarily an engineering discipline with productivity orientation. It major application is in incremental improvement of processes that give benefit within one year and hence it became closely allied with management in increasing profits, reducing costs and providing the company with the potential to reduce prices and increase profit. Hence Taiichi Ohno said industrial engineering is profit engineering. If a company is not using IE, it is losing an opportunity.

The application of industrial engineering is in processes of all engineering branches. Engineering activities like product design, production, maintenance of machines in factories, and service of consumer items are important engineering activities. In addition material handling and storage also involve engineering. Unfortunately, industrial engineering profession has not given enough attention to makes its presence in various engineering branches visible and systemic. Only limited attempts were done to create textbooks that discuss IE in specific engineering branches.

Industrial Engineering in Chemical Engineering


Industrial Engineering in Civil Engineering

Industrial Engineering in Computer Engineering and Information Technology

Industrial Engineering in Electrical Engineering

Industrial Engineering in Electronics Engineering

Industrial Engineering in Health Care

Information Systems Industrial Engineering - Information Systems Engineering

Industrial Engineering in Textile Engineering

Applied Industrial Engineering in New Technologies

IE in New Technologies - IE with New Technologies


Implementation of  Industrial Engineering Principles and Techniques in New Technologies (Engineering Processes) and Business Processes


Lesson 433




Ud. 25.3.2025
Pub. 27.2.2025

Monday, March 24, 2025

Video - Principles of Industrial Engineering - IISE 2017 Pittsburgh Conference

 




2 July 2024

9598 Views

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pU8CdWfZZdU



1. Productivity science.

Productivity Science Principle of Industrial Engineering.

Develop a science for each element of a man - machine system's work related to efficiency and productivity.

The productivity science developed is the foundation for industrial engineering in productivity engineering and productivity management phases.

http://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2017/06/productivity-science-principle-of.html


2. Productivity engineering


Productivity Engineering Principle of Industrial Engineering.

Industrial engineering is concerned with redesign of engineering systems with a view to improve their productivity.

https://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2017/06/productivity-engineering-principle-of.html


Industrial engineering is concerned with redesign of engineering systems with a view to improve their productivity. Industrial engineers analyze productivity of each  resource used in engineering systems and redesign as necessary to improve productivity.


It has to be ensured that the increase in productivity due to the use of low-cost materials, processes and increasing speed of machines and men, should not lead to any decrease in quality of the output.




3. 

Ubiquity of Industrial Engineering Principle.

Industrial Engineering is applicable to all branches of engineering.

http://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2017/06/industrial-engineering-in-all-branches.html 18 16 128.82 3 100.00% 38.89% 0.00



4. 

Machine Utilization Economy Principle of Industrial Engineering.

Principles of (machine) utilization economy to be developed for all resources used in engineering systems.


5. 

Optimization Principle of Industrial Engineering.

Industrial engineering optimization



6. 

Return on Investment Principle of Industrial Engineering.

Industrial engineering economics


7. 

Implementation Principle of Industrial Engineering.

Implementation team membership and leadership

http://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2017/06/ie-redesign-implementation-principle-of.html


In industrial engineering,  management is to be taught so that IEs successfully manage the planning and implementation of their redesigns.


8. 

Human Effort Engineering Principle.

Do human effort engineering for increasing productivity. Develop science and engineering for human effort.

http://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2017/07/human-effort-engineering-for-increasing.html


9. 

Motion Economy Principles.

Principles of motion economy to be used in all IE studies in the area of human effort engineering


10. 


Operator comfort and health

Operator comfort and health are to be taken care of.

Operator Comfort and Health - Principle of Industrial Engineering

http://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2017/07/operator-comfort-and-health-principle.html

As human effort engineers, industrial engineers are concerned with comfort and health of operators.


The productivity improvement and the consequent extra production from a man-machine combination should not lead to discomfort, fatigue and musculoskeletal disorders.



11. Work measurement Principle of Industrial Engineering

http://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2017/07/work-measurement-principle-of.html


12. 

Operator Selection Principle of Industrial Engineering

Selection of operators - Principle of Industrial Engineering

http://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2017/07/selection-of-operators-principle-of.html


13. 

Process Training Principle of Industrial Engineering. 

Industrial engineers must be educated in training and they must acquire training skills.

Training of operators, supervisors, engineers and managers has to be undertaken by industrial engineers in new processes.



14. 

Productivity training Principle of Industrial Engineering

Productivity training and education has to be provided to all associates by industrial engineers.


15. 

Employee involvement Principle of Industrial Engineering.

Involve employees in continuous improvement of processes and products for productivity improvement. Organize operator process improvement workshops.



16. Productivity incentives Principle of Industrial Engineering.

Provide incentives to operators to learn new process methods and utilize them effectively to increase productivity. Incentives also increase participation in process improvement projects or studies.


17. Hearty cooperation Principle of Industrial Engineering.

Industrial engineers and managers must have cooperative attitudes. They are in the production system to facilitate work. 

An industrial engineer does not exploit anybody in the organization.



18. Productivity Management Principle of Industrial Engineering.

Productivity Management- Principle of Industrial Engineering

http://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2017/06/productivity-management-principle-of.html


18. Productivity Management Principle of Industrial Engineering.

Every industrial engineer is a productivity manager. 

He has to plan for productivity and achieve productivity improvement year after year.


As a part of productivity management, he has to assess management actions of the organization for effect on productivity and has to recommend changes if they have an adverse effect on productivity or if there is scope for increasing productivity by modifying them.


19. 

System Level Focus Principle of Industrial Engineering.

Every implementation of redesign of any element of a process must have benefit at the system level. This is the focus of theory of constraints (TOC).




System level focus for productivity


20. Productivity measurement Principle of Industrial Engineering




21. Cost measurement Principle of Industrial Engineering

Methods of Industrial Engineering - Prof. Hugo Diemer






HUGO DIEMER 

FACTORY ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION

Third Edition 

McGRAW-HILL BOOK COMPANY, Inc. 

NEW YORK: 370 SEVENTH AVENUE 

1921  

https://archive.org/details/factoryorganiza00diemgoog

See page 11. Point 15. 




In the first edition of this book the writer outlined the methods of the industrial engineer as follows: 


He considers a manufacturing establishment just as one would an intricate machine. He analyzes each process into its ultimate, simple elements, and compares each of these simplest steps or processes with an ideal or perfect condition. He then makes all due allowances for rational and practical conditions and establishes an attainable commercial standard for every step. The next process is that of attaining continuously this standard, involving both quality and quantity, and the inter- locking or assembling of all of these prime elements into a well- arranged, well-built, smooth-running machine. It is quite evident, that work of this character involves technical knowledge and ability in science and pure engineering, which do not enter perception of money values. His work will not be good engineering unless he uses good business judgment. He must be able to select those mechanical devices and perfect such organization as will best suit present needs and secure prompt returns in profit. He must have sufficiently good business sense to appreciate the ratio between investment and income. He must be in close enough touch with the financial management to be able to impress upon them the necessity of providing sinking funds to provide for the more perfect installations and organizations which future demands of a more educated and enlightened public will necessitate. 


The industrial engineer to-day must be as competent to give good business advice to his corporation as is the skilled corpora- tion attorney. Upon his sound judgment and good advice depend very frequently the making or losing of large fortunes. 


The recognition of industrial engineering as a distinct field of engineering has become an established and permanent fact as evidenced by such strong and prominent organizations as the Society of Industrial Engineers and the Taylor Society. The latter was originally organized imder the name of the Society to Promote the Science of Management but changed its name in honor of Dr. Frederick W. Taylor after his death. Still further recognition of industrial engineering as a distinct field of engineer- ing is evidenced by the increasing number of colleges and univer- sities establishing departments of industrial engineering and distinct courses in industrial engineering. These courses have been designated in some colleges as courses in engineering ad- ministration and involve a great deal more than one or two series of lectures on industrial management. They usually cover separate classes in charge of specialist professors teaching such subjects as cost accounting, time study, functional control in the shop, personnel management, and factory layout and equipment. 




Taylor's Definition of the Methods of Industrial Management.

Fred W, Taylor summarizes the methods of industrial management as follows: 


(1) The Establishment into Scientific Form of all of the Working Data and Rule of Thumb Knowledge Relating to a Given Industry, — 

As an example of the practical application of this method we have Mr. Taylor's own exhaustive treatise on " The Art of Cutting Metals/' 


(2) The Scientific Study of the Workers. — To illustrate what sort of investigation this involves we may again refer to Mr. Taylor's investigations as to the physical and temperamental qualifications of men best adapted to such work as shoveling iron ore, carrying pig iron, etc. 


(3) Bringing the Science, to the Worker, — This is accomplished through the medium of functional f oremanship. Each functional foreman is an expert teacher in his speciality. 


(4) The Assumption by the Management Itself of Its Due Share in the Above-mentioned Three Divisions. 


REFERENCES 


Cheyney: "Industrial and Social History of England," Chapters II-IX. 


Coman: "Industrial History of the United States," Chapters II-IX. 


Day: "History of Commerce," Part IV. 


Weight: "Industrial Evolution of the United States," Parts I, II and IV. 


Going: "Principles of Industrial Engineering," Chapters I and II. 


Transactions A. S. M. E., 1912. Report of Committee on Present State 

of Industrial Management: No. 1378, pp. 1131-1229. 


Tuck School Conference on Scientific Management: pp. 28-35.