Systematic innovation can be understood as a concept that includes the inventive instruments necessary to invent the right things that need to be invented, and incorporate them into new products and processes.
Systematic innovation is crucial for increasing design effectiveness, enhancing competitiveness and profitability. Innovation can no longer be seen as the product of occasional inspiration. Innovation has to be learned and managed. Innovation has to be transformed into a capability. .
The TRIZ methodology is based on the following grounds:
• Technical systems.
• Levels of innovation.
• Law of ideality.
• Contradictions.
Every system that performs a technical function is a technical system. Any technical system
can contain one or more subsystems. The hierarchy of technical systems can be complex with
many interactions.
Altshuller systematized the solutions described in patent applications
dividing them into five levels [3]:
• Level 1: routine solutions using methods well known in their area of specialty. The Level 1
is not really innovative. This category is about 30% of the total.
• Level 2: small corrections in existing systems using methods known in the industry. About
45% of the total.
• Level 3: major improvements that solve contradictions in typical systems of a particular
branch of industry. About 20% of the total. This is where creative design solutions appear.
• Level 4: solutions based on application of new scientific principles. It solves the problem by
replacing the original technology with a new technology. About 4% of the total.
• Level 5: innovative solutions based on scientific discoveries not previously explored. Less
than 1% of the total.
The TRIZ aims to assist the development of design tasks at levels 3 and 4 (about a quarter of
the total), where the simple application of traditional engineering techniques does not produce
notable results
The Law of Ideality states that any technical system tends to reduce costs, to reduce energy
wastes, to reduce space and dimensional requirements, to become more effective, more
reliable, and simpler. Any technical system, during its lifetime, tends to become more ideal.
We can evaluate an inventive level of a technical system by its degree of Ideality.
There are several ways to increase an ideality of a technical system.
The TRIZ axiom of evolution reveals that, during the evolution of a technical system, im
provement of any part of that system can lead to conflict with another part.
A system conflict or contradiction occurs when the improvement of certain attributes results
in the deterioration of others. The typical conflicts are: reliability/complexity; productivity/
precision; strength/ductility, etc.
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Traditional engineering and design practices can become insuffi
principles or for radical improvements of existing systems. Trad
through search of possible compromise between contradicting fact
aims to remove contradictions and to remove compromises.
Traditional engineering and design practices can become insufficient and inefficient for the
implementation of new scientific principles or for radical improvements of existing systems.
Traditional way of technical and design contradictions’ solving is through search of possible
compromise between contradicting factors, whereas the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving
(TRIZ) aims to remove contradictions and to remove compromises.
The inconsistencies are eliminated by modification of the entire system or by modification of
one or more subsystems. TRIZ systematizes solutions that can be used for different technical
fields and activities.
In TRIZ, the problems are divided into local and global problems [1]. The problem is considered
as local when it can be mitigated or eliminated by modifying of a subsystem, keeping the
remaining unchanged. The problem is classified as global when it can be solved only by the
development of a new system based on a different principle of operation.
Over the past decades, TRIZ has developed into a set of different practical tools that can be
used together or apart for technical problem solving and design failure analysis.
Generally, the TRIZ’s problem solving process is to define a specific problem, formalize it,
identify the contradictions, find examples of how others have solved the contradiction or
utilized the principles, and finally, apply those general solutions to the particular problem.
The integral development of TRIZ consists of a set of concepts [5]:
•Problem formulation system.
•Physical and technical contradictions solving.
•Concept of the ideal state of a design.
•Analysis "Substance-Field".
•Algorithm of Inventive Problem Solving (ARIZ).
Altshuller found that, despite the great technological diversity, there is only 1250 typical
system conflicts. He also identified 39 engineering parameters or product attributes that
engineers usually try to improve.
39 engineering parameters or product attributes that
engineers usually try to improve.
1. Weight of moving object
2. Weight of nonmoving object
3. Length of moving object
4. Length of nonmoving object
5. Area of moving object
6. Area of nonmoving object
7. Volume of moving object
8. Volume of nonmoving object
9. Speed
10. Force
11. Tension, pressure
12. Shape
13. Stability of object
14. Strength
15. Durability of moving object
16. Durability of nonmoving object
17. Temperature
18. Brightness
19. Energy spent by moving object
20. Energy spent by nonmoving object
21. Power
22. Waste of energy
23. Waste of substance
24. Loss of information
25. Waste of time
26. Amount of substance
27. Reliability
28. Accuracy of measurement
29. Accuracy of manufacturing
30. Harmful factors acting on object
31. Harmful side effects
32. Manufacturability
33. Convenience of use
34. Repairability
35. Adaptability
36. Complexity of device
37. Complexity of control
38. Level of automation
39. Productivity
https://books.google.co.in/books?id=a5LMBQAAQBAJ
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