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Handling Materials
All efforts to automate operations and processes will require mechanization of materials handling. Materials handling problem is inherent in manufacturing processes. The all- industry average has been estimated at 25% for MH in total cost. Some individual plants may spend as much as 80% of their labor dollars for materials handling. There are two aspects of handling—operation and supply.
Operation Handling: Operation handling is the manipulation of materials and products at each location where a part of manufacturing takes place. It includes feeding, holding, positioning, removing, and like operations with the materials, parts, and products. This type of materials handling automation is treated in other chapters where it is associated with the manufacturing operations.
Supply Handling: Supply handling is the work of moving materials and products into and out of storages, and between points of manufacturing operations. It represents that portion (probably the majority) of materials handling that is readily separated from the total manufacturing process. And, as more manufacturing operations are automated, the ratio of supply handling labor to direct labor will increase. Supply handling, therefore, is a prime target area for an automation program.
Automation of individual machines and processes generally multiplies their capacity to produce. Supplying these machines with materials and removing their products must keep pace to fully realize the benefits of automation. Doubling or trebling the men and machines that performed the handling service before automation is not an economically sound approach. In almost every case the supply handling methods must be changed.
The aims of materials handling automation are these:
• Reduce as much as possible the labor that is required to move materials.
• Save floor area by using overhead space, and by synchronizing material movement with operation needs.
• Preserve materials in position that's convenient for the operation that follows—to save further handling.
• Reduce travel time to help speed flow of materials through the plant and to reduce the manufacturing cycle time.
In This Chapter Tow Chain for Plantwide Trucking . 101
84 This Conveyor System Has Airlifts .
102 One Dispatcher Links Four Conveyors .
86 Tomorrow's Warehouse Is Here Today
88 125% More with Storage Conveyors
106 Ejectors Unload Stock from Conveyors .
. 108 Invisible Towline for Automatic Handling 89
113 Four Ways to Automate Conveyor A 150% Increase in Plating Output .
117 90
118 Scrap Handling Now Automatic .
93 Transport Conveyor Test Units, Too
118 Drums for Your Product? Conveyorized Oven Cuts Handling .
118 Here's How to Handle Them . . .
94 What's This? It's a Sand Switch . .
119 Heavy Handling Goes Automatic . . . 96
119 One Man Fills 24 Bins
100 Gates Regulate Conveyor Traffic . .
119 Handling Materials 83
At General Electric, Utica, NY
Automatic Conveyors Bridge Handling
Short curved sections of gravity roller conveyor bring cartons to loading station. Carrier arms then lift them 10 feet, eject them onto overhead powered belt. Limit switches—one master, two slaves—synchronize conveyors to prevent interference on overhead belt.
Vertical conveyor belt is made of 4-ft.x6-in. steel sections. A '/j-hp. motor drives each conveyor 30% faster than assembly to avoid accumulations.
NEW WAY • It consists of a continuous conveyor system (cost $13,400) which was designed and in- stalled by Kornylak Engineering Company. Jersey City.
The new system is now just about two years old. It has passed through the "debugging" stage. It is saving the company both time and money.
Benefits: • Conveyor cost returned the first year. • A serious production bottleneck eliminated. • Hazardous congestion removed.
Practical automation : methods for increasing plant productivity /
[by] Lester R. Bittel, Morley G. Melden and Robert S. Rice
Bib ID 2263435
Format Book
Author
Bittel, Lester R. (Lester Robert), 1918-
Description New York : McGraw-Hill, 1957
376p. : ill.
Notes
Bibliography: p. 365-366.
Subjects Automation. | Labor productivity.
Other authors/contributors Melden, Morley G, joint author | Rice, Robert S, joint author
https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001959322
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