DFMA - NPTEL Course

Engineering in Industrial Engineering -  Machine work study or machine effort improvement, value engineering and design for manufacturing and assembly are major engineering based IE methods. All are available as existing methods.

https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module1/lec1.pdf

https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module1/lec2.pdf

https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module1/lec3.pdf

https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module1/lec4.pdf

https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module2/lec1.pdf

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Powder Metallury

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Module 3 - Machining

Machining

Machining - General

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Turning

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Round Holes

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Milling

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Shaping, Planing and Slotting

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Broaching

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Module 4 - Forming

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https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module4/lec2.pdf

https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module4/lec3.pdf

https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module4/lec4.pdf

https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module4/lec5.pdf

https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module4/lec6.pdf

https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module4/lec7.pdf

https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module4/lec8.pdf

Module 5 

https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module5/lec1.pdf

DESIGN FOR POLISHING AND PLATING

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https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module5/lec4.pdf

https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module5/lec5.pdf

https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module5/lec6.pdf

https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module5/lec7.pdf

Module 6

https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module6/lec1.pdf

https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module6/lec2.pdf

https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module6/lec3.pdf

https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module6/lec4.pdf

Module 7

https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module7/lec1.pdf

https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module7/lec2.pdf

https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module7/lec3.pdf

Module 8

https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module8/lec1.pdf

https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module8/lec2.pdf

https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/107103012/module8/lec3.pdf

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Management and Industrial Engineering - Effectiveness and Efficiency

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Full NPTEL Course Page

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Name: Abinash Kumar Swain

Email: swainfmeiitr  @   ernet.in

Deptartment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering

Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee

Roorkee - 247667, Uttarakhand, India

Ud 18.12.2021

Pub 10.12.2021

Time Study - Part 2 - Shop Management 1903 Explanation by F.W. Taylor

Time Study - Part 1- F.W. Taylor in Shop Management

In a book of this sort, it would be manifestly impossible to discuss at any length all of the details which go toward making the system a success. Some of them are of such importance as to render at least a brief reference to them necessary. And first among these comes the study of unit times.

This, as already explained, is the most important element of the system advocated by the writer. Without it, the definite, clear-cut directions given to the workman, and the assigning of a full, yet just, daily task,

with its premium for success, would be impossible; and the arch without the keystone would fall to the ground.

n 1883, while foreman of the machine shop of the Midvale Steel Company of Philadelphia, it occurred to the writer that it was simpler to time with a stop watch each of the elements of the various kinds of work done in the place, and then find the quickest time in which each job could be done by summing up the total times of its component parts, than it was to search through the time records of former jobs and guess at the proper time and price. After practicing this method of time study himself for about a year, as well as circumstances would permit, it became evident that the system was a success.

The writer then established the time-study and rate-fixing department, which has given out piece work prices in the place ever since.

This department far more than paid for itself from the very start; but it was several years before the full benefits of the system were felt, owing to the fact that the best methods of making and recording time observations, as well as of determining the maximum capacity of each of the machines in the place, and of making working tables and time tables, were not at first adopted.

It has been the writer's experience that the difficulties of scientific time study are underestimated at first, and greatly overestimated after actually trying the work for two or three months. The average manager who decides to undertake the study of unit times in his works fails at first to realize that he is starting a new art or trade. He understands, for instance, the difficulties which he would meet with in establishing a drafting room, and would look for but small results at first, if he were to give a bright man the task of making drawings, who had never worked in a drafting room, and who was not even familiar with drafting implements and methods, but he entirely underestimates the difficulties of this new trade.

The art of studying unit times is quite as important and as difficult as that of the draftsman. It should be undertaken seriously, and looked upon as a profession. It has its own peculiar implements and methods, without the use and understanding of which progress will necessarily be slow, and in the absence of which there will be more failures than successes scored at first.

When, on the other hand, an energetic, determined man goes at time study as if it were his life's work, with the determination to succeed, the results which he can secure are little short of astounding. The difficulties of the task will be felt at once and so strongly by any one who undertakes it, that it seems important to encourage the beginner by giving at least one illustration of what has been  accomplished.

Mr. Sanford E. Thompson, C. E., started in 1896 with but small help from the writer, except as far as the implements and methods are concerned, to study the time required to do all kinds of work in the building trades. In six years he has made a complete study of eight of the most important trades--excavation, masonry (including sewer-work and paving), carpentry, concrete and cement work, lathing and plastering, slating and roofing and rock quarrying. He took every stop watch observation himself and then, with the aid of two comparatively cheap assistants, worked up and tabulated all of his data ready for the printer. The magnitude of this undertaking will be appreciated when it is understood that the tables and descriptive matter for one of these trades alone take up about 250 pages. Mr. Thompson and the writer are both engineers, but neither of us was especially familiar with the above trades, and this work could not have been accomplished in a lifetime without the study of elementary units with a stop watch.

In the course of this work, Mr. Thompson has developed what are in many respects the best implements in use, and with his permission some of them will be described. The blank form or note sheet used by Mr. Thompson, contains essentially:

(1) Space for the description of the work and notes in regard to it.

(2) A place for recording the total time of complete operations--that is, the gross time including all necessary delays, for doing a whole job or large portions of it.

(3) Lines for setting down the "detail operations, or units" into which any piece of work may be divided, followed by columns for entering the averages obtained from the observations.

(4) Squares for recording the readings of the stop watch when observing the times of these elements. If these squares are filled, additional records can be entered on the back. The size of the sheets, which should be of best quality ledger paper, is 8 3/4 inches wide by 7 inches long, and by folding in the center they can be conveniently carried in the pocket, or placed in a case (see Fig. 3, page 153) containing one or more stop watches.

This case, or "watch book," is another device of Mr. Thompson's. It consists of a frame work, containing concealed in it one, two, or three watches, whose stop and start movements can be operated by pressing with the fingers of the left hand upon the proper portion of the cover of the note-book without the knowledge of the workman who is being observed. The frame is bound in a leather case resembling a pocket note-book, and has a place for the note sheets described.

The writer does not believe at all in the policy of spying upon the workman when taking time observations for the purpose of time study. If the men observed are to be ultimately affected by the results of these observations, it is generally best to come out openly, and let them know that they are being timed, and what the object of the timing is. There are many cases, however, in which telling the workman that he was being timed in a minute way would only result in a row, and in defeating the whole object of the timing; particularly when only a few time units are to be studied on one man's work, and when this man will not be personally affected by the results of the observations. In these cases, the watch book of Mr. Thompson, holding the watches in the cover, is especially useful. A good deal of judgment is required to know when to time openly, or the reverse.

The operation selected for illustration on the note sheet shown in Fig. 2, page 151, is the excavation of earth with wheelbarrows, and the values given are fair averages of actual contract work where the

wheelbarrow man fills his own barrow. It is obvious that similar methods of analyzing and recording may be applied to work ranging from unloading coal to skilled labor on fine machine tools.

The method of using the note sheets for timing a workman is as follows:

After entering the necessary descriptive matter at the top of the sheet, divide the operation to be timed into its elementary units, and write these units one after another under the heading "Detail operations." If the job is long and complicated, it may be analyzed while the timing is going on, and the elementary units entered then instead of beforehand.

In wheelbarrow work as illustrated in the example shown on the note sheet, the elementary units consist of "filling barrow," "starting" (which includes throwing down shovel and lifting handles of barrow), "wheeling full," etc. These units might have been further subdivided--the first one into time for loading one shovelful, or still further into the time for filling and the time for emptying each shovelful. The letters a, b, c, etc., which are printed, are simply for convenience in designating the elements.

We are now ready for the stop watch, which, to save clerical work, should be provided with a decimal dial similar to that shown in Fig. 4. The method of using this and recording the times depends upon the character of the time observations. In all cases, however, the stop watch times are recorded in the columns headed "Time" at the top of the right-hand half of the note sheet. These columns are the only place on the face of the sheet where stop watch readings are to be entered. If more space is required for these times, they should be entered on the back of the sheet. The rest of the figures (except those on the left-hand side of the note sheet, which may be taken from an ordinary timepiece) are the results of calculation, and may be made in the office by any clerk.

As has been stated, the method of recording the stop watch observations depends upon the work which is being observed. If the operation consists of the same element repeated over and over, the time of each may be set down separately; or, if the element is very small, the total time of, say, ten may be entered as a fraction, with the time for all ten observations as the numerator, and the number of observations for the denominator.

In the illustration given on the note sheet, Fig. 2, the operation consists of a series of elements. In such a case, the letters designating each elementary unit are entered under the columns "Op.," the stop watch is thrown to zero, and started as the man commences to work. As each new division of the operation (that is, as each elementary unit or unit time) is begun, the time is recorded. During any special delay the watch may be stopped, and started again from the same point, although, as a rule, Mr. Thompson advocates allowing the watch to run continuously, and enters the time of such a stop, designating it for convenience by the letter "Y."

In the case we are considering, two kinds of materials were handled sand and clay. The time of each of the unit times, except the "filling," is the same for both sand and clay; hence, if we have sufficient
observations on either one of the materials, the only element of the other which requires to be timed is the loading. This illustrates one of the merits of the elementary system.

The column "Av." is filled from the preceding column. The figures thus found are the actual net times of the different unit times. These unit times are averaged and entered in the "Time" column, on the lower half of the right-hand page, preceded, in the "No." column, by the number of observations which have been taken of each unit. These times, combined and compared with the gross times on the left-hand page, will determine the percentage lost in resting and other necessary delays. A convenient method for obtaining the time of an operation, like picking, in which the quantity is difficult to measure, is suggested by the records on the left-hand page.

The percentage of the time taken in rest and other necessary delays, which is noted on the sheet as, in this case, about 27 per cent, is obtained by a comparison of the average net "time per barrow" on the
right with the "time per barrow" on the left. The latter is the quotient of the total time shoveling and wheeling divided by the number of loads wheeled.

It must be remembered that the example given is simply for illustration. To obtain accurate average times, for any item of work under specified conditions, it is necessary to take observations upon a number of men, each of whom is at work under conditions which are comparable. The total number of observations which should be taken of any one elementary unit depends upon its variableness, and also upon its frequency of occurrence in a day's work.

An expert observer can, on many kinds of work, time two or three men at the same time with the same watch, or he can operate two or three watches--one for each man. A note sheet can contain only a comparatively few observations. It is not convenient to make it of larger size than the dimensions given, when a watch-book is to be used, although it is perfectly feasible to make the horizontal rulings 8 lines to the inch instead of 5 lines to the inch as on the sample sheet. There will have to be, in almost all cases, a large number of note sheets on the same subject. Some system must be arranged for collecting and tabulating these records. On Tables 2A and 2B (pages 160 and 161) is shown the form used for tabulating. The length should be either 17 or 22 inches. The height of the form is 11 inches. With these dimensions a form may be folded and filed with ordinary letter sheets (8 1/2 inches by 11 inches). The ruling which has been found most convenient is for the vertical divisions 3 columns to 1 1/8 inches, while the horizontal lines are ruled 6 to the inch. The columns may, or may not, have printed headings.

The data from the note sheet in Fig. 2 (page 151) is copied on to the table for illustration. The first columns of the table are descriptive. The rest of them are arranged so as to include all of the unit times, with any other data which are to be averaged or used when studying the results. At the extreme right of the sheet the gross times, including rest and necessary delay, are recorded and the percentages of rest are calculated.

Formulae are convenient for combining the elements. For simplicity, in the example of barrow excavation, each of the unit times may be designated by the same letters used on the note sheet (Fig. 2) although in practice each element can best be designated .by the initial letters of the words describing it.

Let

a = time filling a barrow with any material.

b = time preparing to wheel.

c = time wheeling full barrow 100 feet.

d = time dumping and turning.

e = time returning 100 feet with empty barrow.

f = time dropping barrow and starting to shovel.

p = time loosening one cubic yard with the pick.

P = percentage of a day required to rest and necessary delays.

L = load of a barrow in cubic feet.

B = time per cubic yard picking, loading, and wheeling any given kind of earth to any given distance when the wheeler loads his own barrow.

[Transcriber's note -- formula  and Tables omitted]

This general formula for barrow work can be simplified by choosing average values for the constants, and substituting numerals for the letters now representing them. Substituting the average values from the note sheet on Fig. 2 (page 151), our formula becomes:
[Transcriber's note -- formula omitted]

In classes of work where the percentage of rest varies with the different elements of an operation it is most convenient to correct all of the elementary times by the proper percentages before combining them. Sometimes after having constructed a general formula, it may be solved by setting down the substitute numerical values in a vertical column for direct addition.

Table 3 (page 164) gives the times for throwing earth to different distances and different heights. It will be seen that for each special material the time for filling shovel remains the same regardless of the distance to which it is thrown. Each kind of material requires a different time for filling the shovel. The time throwing one shovelful, on the other hand, varies with the length of throw, but for any given distance it is the same for all of the earths. If the earth is of such a nature that it sticks to the shovel, this relation does not hold. For the elements of shoveling we have therefore:

s = time filling shovel and straightening up ready to throw.

t = time throwing one shovelful.

w = time walking one foot with loaded shovel.

w1 = time returning one foot with empty shovel.

L = load of a shovel in cubic feet.

P = percentage of a day required for rest and necessary delays.

T = time for shoveling one cubic yard.

Our formula, then, for handling any earth after it is loosened, is:
[Transcriber's note -- omitted]

Where the material is simply thrown without walking, the formula becomes:

If weights are used instead of volumes:
[Transcriber's note -- omitted]

The writer has found the printed form shown on the insert, Fig. 5 (opposite page 166), useful in studying unit times in a certain class of the hand work done in a machine shop. This blank is fastened to a thin board held in the left hand and resting on the left arm of the observer. A stop watch is inserted in a small compartment attached to the back of the board at a point a little above its center, the face of the watch being seen from the front of the board through a small flap cut partly loose from the observation blank. While the watch is operated by the fingers of the left hand, the right hand of the operator is at all times free to enter the time observations on the blank. A pencil sketch of the work to be observed is made in the blank space on the upper left-hand portion of the sheet. In using this blank, of course, all attempt at secrecy is abandoned.

The mistake usually made by beginners is that of failing to note in sufficient detail the various conditions surrounding the job. It is not at first appreciated that the whole work of the time observer is useless if there is any doubt as to even one of these conditions. Such items, for instance, as the name of the man or men on the work, the number of helpers, and exact description of all of the implements used, even those which seem unimportant, such, for instance, as the diameter and length of bolts and the style of clamps used, the weight of the piece upon which work is being done, etc.

It is also desirable that, as soon as practicable after taking a few complete sets of time observations, the operator should be given the opportunity of working up one or two sets at least by summing up the unit times and allowing the proper per cent of rest, etc., and putting them into practical use, either by comparing his results with the actual time of a job which is known to be done in fast time, or by setting a time which a workman is to live up to.

The actual practical trial of the time student's work is most useful, both in teaching him the necessity of carefully noting the minutest details, and on the other hand convincing him of the practicability of
the whole method, and in encouraging him in future work.

In making time observations, absolutely nothing should be left to the memory of the student. Every item, even those which appear self-evident, should be accurately recorded. The writer, and the assistant who immediately followed him, both made the mistake of not putting the results of much of their time study into use soon enough, so that many times observations which extended over a period of months were thrown away, in most instances because of failure to note some apparently unimportant detail.

It may be needless to state that when the results of time observations are first worked up, it will take far more time to pick out and add up the proper unit times, and allow the proper percentages of rest, etc., than it originally did for the workman to do the job. This fact need not disturb the operator, however. It will be evident that the slow time made at the start is due to his lack of experience, and he must take it for granted that later many short-cuts can be found, and that a man with an average memory will be able with practice to carry all of the important time units in his head.

No system of time study can be looked upon as a success unless it enables the time observer, after a reasonable amount of study, to predict with accuracy how long it should take a good man to do almost any job in the particular trade, or branch of a trade, to which the time student has been devoting himself. It is true that hardly any two jobs in a given trade are exactly the same and that if a time student were to follow the old method of studying and recording the whole time required to do the various jobs which came under his observation, without dividing them into their elements, he would make comparatively small progress in a lifetime, and at best would become a skillful guesser. It is, however, equally true that all of the work done in a given trade can be divided into a comparatively small number of elements or units, and that with proper implements arid methods it is comparatively easy for a skilled observer to determine the time required by a good man to do any one of these elementary units.

Having carefully recorded the time for each of these elements, it is a simple matter to divide each job into its elementary units, and by adding their times together, to arrive accurately at the total time for
the job. The elements of the art which at first appear most difficult to investigate are the percentages which should be allowed, under different conditions, for rest and for accidental or unavoidable delays. These elements can, however, be studied with about the same accuracy as the others.

Perhaps the greatest difficulty rests upon the fact that no two men work at exactly the same speed. The writer has found it best to take his time observations on first-class men only, when they can be found; and these men should be timed when working at their best. Having obtained the best time of a first-class man, it is a simple matter to determine the percentage which an average man will fall short of this maximum.

It is a good plan to pay a first-class man an extra price while his work is being timed. When work men once understand that the time study is being made to enable them to earn higher wages, the writer has found them quite ready to help instead of hindering him in his work. The division of a given job into its proper elementary units, before beginning the time study, calls for considerable skill and good judgment. If the job to be observed is one which will be repeated over and over again, or if it is one of a series of similar jobs which form an important part of the standard work of an establishment, or of the trade which is being studied, then it is best to divide the job into elements which are rudimentary. In some cases this subdivision should be carried to a point which seems at first glance almost absurd.

For example, in the case of the study of the art of shoveling earths, referred to in Table 3, page 164, it will be seen that handling a shovelful of dirt is subdivided into, s = "Time filling shovel and
straightening up ready to throw," and t = "Time throwing one shovelful."

The first impression is that this minute subdivision of the work into elements, neither of which takes more than five or six seconds to perform, is little short of preposterous; yet if a rapid and thorough time study of the art of shoveling is to be made, this subdivision simplifies the work, and makes time study quicker and more thorough.

The reasons for this are twofold:

First. In the art of shoveling dirt, for instance, the study of fifty or sixty small elements, like those referred to above, will enable one to fix the exact time for many thousands of complete jobs of shoveling, constituting a very considerable proportion of the entire art.

Second. The study of single small elements is simpler, quicker, and more certain to be successful than that of a large number of elements combined. The greater the length of time involved in a single item of time study, the greater will be the likelihood of interruptions or accidents, which will render the results obtained by the observer questionable or even useless.

There is a considerable part of the work of most establishments that is not what may be called standard work, namely, that which is repeated many times. Such jobs as this can be divided for time study into groups, each of which contains several rudimentary elements. A division of this sort will be seen by referring to the data entered on face of note sheet, Fig. 2 (page 151).

In this case, instead of observing, first, the "time to fill a shovel," and then the time to "throw it into a wheelbarrow," etc., a number of these more rudimentary operations are grouped into the single operation of

a = "Time filling a wheelbarrow with any material."

This group of operations is thus studied as a whole.

Another illustration of the degree of subdivision which is desirable will be found by referring to the inserts, Fig. 5 (opposite page 166).

Where a general study is being made of the time required to do all kinds of hand work connected with and using machine tools, the items printed in detail should be timed singly.

When some special job, not to be repeated many times, is to be studied, then several elementary items can be grouped together and studied as a whole, in such groups for example as:

(a) Getting job ready to set.

(b) Setting work.

(c) Setting tool.

(d) Extra hand work.

(e) Removing work.

And in some cases even these groups can be further condensed.

An illustration of the time units which it is desirable to sum up and properly record and index for a certain kind of lathe work is given in Fig. 6.

The writer has found that when some jobs are divided into their proper elements, certain of these elementary operations are so very small in time that it is difficult, if not impossible, to obtain accurate

readings on the watch. In such cases, where the work consists of recurring cycles of elementary operations, that is, where a series of elementary operations is repeated over and over again, it is possible to take sets of observations on two or more of the successive elementary operations which occur in regular order, and from the times thus obtained to calculate the time of each element. An example of this is the work of loading pig iron on to bogies. The elementary operations or elements consist of:

(a) Picking up a pig.

(b) Walking with it to the bogie.

(c) Throwing or placing it on the bogie.

(d) Returning to the pile of pigs.

Here the length of time occupied in picking up the pig and throwing or placing it on the bogie is so small as to be difficult to time, but observations may be taken successively on the elements in sets of three.

We may, in other words, take one set of observations upon the combined time of the three elements numbered 1, 2, 3; another set upon elements 2, 3, 4; another set upon elements, 3, 4, 1, and still another upon the set 4,1, 2. By algebraic equations we may solve the values of each of the separate elements.

If we take a cycle consisting of five (5) elementary operations, a, b, c, d, e, and let observations be taken on three of them at a time, we have the equations:

[Transcriber's Note: omitted]

The writer was surprised to find, however, that while in some cases these equations were readily solved, in others they were impossible of solution. My friend, Mr. Carl G. Barth, when the matter was referred to him, soon developed the fact that the number of elements of a cycle which may be observed together is subject to a mathematical law, which is expressed by him as follows:

The number of successive elements observed together must be prime to the total number of elements in the cycle.

Namely, the number of elements in any set must contain no factors; that is, must be divisible by no numbers which are contained in the total number of elements. The following table is, therefore, calculated by Mr. Barth showing how many operations may be observed together in various

cases. The last column gives the number of observations in a set which will lead to the determination of the results with the minimum of labor.

[Transcriber's note -- Table omitted]

When time study is undertaken in a systematic way, it becomes possible to do greater justice in many ways both to employers and workmen than has been done in the past. For example, we all know that the first time that even a skilled workman does a job it takes him a longer time than is required after he is familiar with his work, and used to a particular sequence of operations. The practiced time student can not only figure out the time in which a piece of work should be done by a good man, after he has become familiar with this particular job through practice, but he should also be able to state how much more time would be required to do the same job when a good man goes at it for the first time; and

this knowledge would make it possible to assign one time limit and price for new work, and a smaller time and price for the same job after being repeated, which is much more fair and just to both parties than the usual fixed price.

As the writer has said several times, the difference between the best speed of a first-class man and the actual speed of the average man is very great. One of the most difficult pieces of work which must be faced by the man who is to set the daily tasks is to decide just how hard it is wise for him to make the task. Shall it be fixed for a first-class man, and if not, then at what point between the first-class and the

average? One fact is clear, it should always be well above the performance of the average man, since men will invariably do better if a bonus is offered them than they have done without this incentive. The

writer has, in almost all cases, solved this part of the problem by fixing a task which required a first-class man to do his best, and then offering a good round premium. When this high standard is set it takes

longer to raise the men up to it. But it is surprising after all how rapidly they develop.

The precise point between the average and the first-class, which is selected for the task, should depend largely upon the labor market in which the works is situated. If the works were in a fine labor market, such, for instance, as that of Philadelphia, there is no question that the highest standard should be aimed at. If, on the other hand, the shop required a good deal of skilled labor, and was situated in a small country town, it might be wise to aim rather lower. There is a great difference in the labor markets of even some of the adjoining states in this country, and in one instance, in which the writer was aiming at a high standard in organizing a works, he found it necessary to import almost all of his men from a neighboring state before meeting with success.

Whether the bonus is given only when the work is done in the quickest time or at some point between this and the average time, in all cases the instruction card should state the best time in which the work can be done by a first-class man. There will then be no suspicion on the part of the men when a longer "bonus time" is allowed that the time student does not really know the possibilities of the case. For example, the instruction card might read:

Proper time . . . . . 65 minutes

Bonus given first time job is done. 108 minutes

It is of the greatest importance that the man who has charge of assigning tasks should be perfectly straightforward in all of his dealings with the men. Neither in this nor in any other branch of the

management should a man make any pretense of having more knowledge than he really possesses. He should impress the workmen with the fact that he is dead in earnest, and that he fully intends to know all about it some day; but he should make no claim to omniscience, and should always be ready to acknowledge and correct an error if he makes one. This combination of determination and frankness establishes a sound and healthy relation between the management and men.

There is no class of work which cannot be profitably submitted to time study, by dividing it into its time elements, except such operations as take place in the head of the worker; and the writer has even seen a time study made of the speed of an average and first-class boy in solving problems in mathematics.

Clerk work can well be submitted to time study, and a daily task assigned in work of this class which at first appears to be very miscellaneous in its character.

One of the needs of modern management is that of literature on the subject of time study. The writer quotes as follows from his paper on "A Piece Rate System," written in 1895:

"Practically the greatest need felt in an establishment wishing to start a rate-fixing department is the lack of data as to the proper rate of speed at which work should be done. There are hundreds of operations which are common to most large establishments, yet each concern studies the speed problem for itself, and days of labor are wasted in what should be settled once for all, and recorded in a form which is available to all manufacturers.

"What is needed is a hand-book on the speed with which work can be done, similar to the elementary engineering handbooks. And the writer ventures to predict that such a book will before long be forthcoming. Such a book should describe the best method of making, recording, tabulating, and

indexing time observations, since much time and effort are wasted by the adoption of inferior methods."

Unfortunately this prediction has not yet been realized. The writer's chief object in inducing Mr. Thompson to undertake a scientific time study of the various building trades and to join him in a publication of this work was to demonstrate on a large scale not only the desirability of accurate time study, but the efficiency and superiority of the method of studying elementary units as outlined above. He trusts that his object may be realized and that the publication of this book may be followed by similar works on other trades and more particularly on the details of machine shop practice, in which he is especially interested.

Machine Tool Time Estimation Methods

Methods employed in solving the time problem for machine tools.

As a machine shop has been chosen to illustrate the application of such details of scientific management as time study, the planning department, functional foremanship, instruction cards, etc., the description would be far from complete without at least a brief reference to the methods employed in solving the time problem for machine tools.

Methods employed in solving the time problem for machine tools

The study of this subject involved the solution of four important problems:

First. The power required to cut different kinds of metals with tools of various shapes when using different depths of cut and coarseness of feed, and also the power required to feed the tool under varying conditions.

Second. An investigation of the laws governing the cutting of metals with tools, chiefly with the object of determining the effect upon the best cutting speed of each of the following variables:

(a) The quality of tool steel and treatment of tools (i.e., in heating, forging, and tempering them).

(b) The shape of tool (i.e., the curve or line of the cutting edge, the lip angle, and clearance angle)

(c) The duration of cut or the length of time the tool is required to last before being re-ground.

(d) The quality or hardness of the metal being cut (as to its effect on cutting speed).

(e) The depth of the cut.

(f) The thickness of the feed or shaving

(g) The effect on cutting speed of using water or other cooling medium on the tool.

Third. The best methods of analyzing the driving and feeding power of machine tools and, after considering their limitations as to speeds and feeds, of deciding upon the proper counter-shaft or other general driving speeds.

Fourth. After the study of the first, second, and third problems had resulted in the discovery of certain clearly defined laws, which were expressed by mathematical formulae, the last and most difficult task of all lay in finding a means for solving the entire problem which should be so practical and simple as to enable an ordinary mechanic to answer quickly and accurately for each machine in the shop the question, "What driving speed, feed, and depth of cut will in each particular case do the work in the quickest time?"

In 1881, in the machine shop of the Midvale Steel Company, the writer began a systematic study of the laws involved in the first and second problems above referred to by devoting the entire time of a large vertical boring mill to this work, with special arrangements for varying the drive so as to obtain any desired speed. The needed uniformity of the metal was obtained by using large locomotive tires of known chemical composition, physical properties and hardness, weighing from 1,500 to 2,000 pounds.

For the greater part of the succeeding 22 years these experiments were carried on, first at Midvale and later in several other shops, under the general direction of the writer, by his friends and assistants, six machines having been at various times especially fitted up for this purpose.

The exact determination of these laws and their reduction to formulae have proved a slow but most interesting problem; but by far the most difficult undertaking has been the development of the methods and finally the appliances (i.e., slide rules) for making practical use of these laws after they were discovered.

In 1884 the writer succeeded in making a slow solution of this problem with the help of his friend, Mr. Geo. M. Sinclair, by indicating the values of these variables through curves and laying down one set of curves over another. Later my friend, Mr. H. L. Gantt, after devoting about 1 1/2 years exclusively to this work, obtained a much more rapid and simple solution. It was not, however, until 1900, in the works of the Bethlehem Steel Company, that Mr. Carl G. Barth, with the assistance of Mr. Gantt and a small amount of help from the writer, succeeded in developing a slide rule by means of which the entire problem can be accurately and quickly solved by any mechanic.

The difficulty from a mathematical standpoint of obtaining a rapid and accurate solution of this problem will be appreciated when it is remembered that twelve independent variables enter into each problem, and that a change in any of these will affect the answer. The instruction card can be put to wide and varied use. It is to the art of management what the drawing is to engineering, and, like the latter, should vary in size and form according to the amount and variety of the information which it is to convey. In some cases it should consist of a pencil memorandum on a small piece of paper which will be sent directly to the man requiring the instructions, while in others it will be in the form of several pages of typewritten matter, properly varnished and mounted, and issued under the check or other record system, so that it can be used time after time. A description of an instruction card of this kind may be useful.

After the writer had become convinced of the economy of standard methods and appliances, and the desirability of relieving the men as far as possible from the necessity of doing the planning, while master mechanic at Midvale, he tried to get his assistant to write a complete instruction card for overhauling and cleaning the boilers at regular periods, to be sure that the inspection was complete, and that while the work was thoroughly done, the boilers should be out of use as short a time as possible, and also to have the various elements of this work done on piece work instead of by the day. His assistant, not having undertaken work of this kind before, failed at it, and the writer was forced to do it himself. He did all of the work of chipping, cleaning, and overhauling a set of boilers and at the same time made a careful time study of each of the elements of the work. This time study showed that a great part of the time was lost owing to the constrained position of the workman. Thick pads were made to fasten to the elbows, knees, and hips; special tools and appliances were made for the various details of the work; a complete list of the tools and implements was entered on the instruction card, each tool being stamped with its own number for identification, and all were issued from the tool room in a tool box so as to keep them together and save time. A separate piece work price was fixed for each of the elements of the job and a thorough inspection of each part of the work secured as it was completed.

The instruction card for this work filled several typewritten pages, and described in detail the order in which the operations should be done and the exact details of each man's work, with the number of each tool required, piece work prices, etc.

The whole scheme was much laughed at when it first went into use, but the trouble taken was fully justified, for the work was better done than ever before, and it cost only eleven dollars to completely overhaul a set of 300 H.P. boilers by this method, while the average cost of doing the same work on day work without an instruction card was sixty-two dollars.

Next Topic in Shop Management

Personal Relations Between Employers and Employed - F.W. Taylor.

Time and Motion Study - Evolution - Hugo J, Kijne
in the book  Scientific Management: Frederick Winslow Taylor’s Gift to the World?
J.-C. Spender, Hugo Kijne

https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=en&lr=&id=WcLkBwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA63#v=onepage&q&f=false


Scientific Management: Frederick Winslow Taylor’s Gift to the World?
J.-C. Spender, Hugo Kijne
Springer Science & Business Media, 06-Dec-2012 - Business & Economics - 192 pages

Many of those interested in the effect of industry on contemporary life are also interested in Frederick W. Taylor and his work. He was a true character, the stuff of legends, enormously influential and quintessentially American, an award-winning sportsman and mechanical tinkerer as well as a moralizing rationalist and early scientist. But he was also intensely modem, one of the long line of American social reformers exploiting the freedom to present an idiosyncratic version of American democracy, in this case one that began in the industrial workplace. Such as wide net captures an amazing range of critics and questioners as well as supporters. So much is puzzling, ambiguous, unexplained and even secret about Taylor's life that there will be plenty of scope for re-examination, re-interpretation and disagreement for years to come. But there is a surge of fresh interest and new analyses have appeared in recent years (e. g. Wrege, C. & R. Greenwood, 1991 "F. W. Taylor: The father of scientific management", Business One Irwin, Homewood IL; Nelson, D. (Ed. ) 1992 "The mental revolution: Scientific management since Taylor", Ohio State University Press, Columbus OH). We know other books are under way. As is customary, we offer this additional volume respectfully to our academic and managerial colleagues, from whatever point of view they approach scientific management, in the hope that it will provoke fresh thought and discussion. But we have a more aggressive agenda.

https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=en&lr=&id=WcLkBwAAQBAJ

Internet of Things - Productivity Applications

2017

https://www.sme.org/technologies/articles/2017/april/getting-connected/

The Connected Machine Shop

June 22, 2020

Part 1: Seeing the vision of where and how machining and Industry 4.0 meet

https://www.sme.org/technologies/articles/2020/july/the-connected-machine-shop/

Connected Machine Shop - Part 2

https://www.sme.org/technologies/articles/2020/september/the-connected-machine-shop/

Connected Machine Shop - Part 3

https://www.sme.org/technologies/articles/2020/november/the-connected-machine-shop/

http://iotbusinessnews.com/2016/05/20/90290-choosing-lpwan-technology-lowest-cost/


http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/configspace/share/How_Connectivity_Drives_Operational_Intelligence.pdf


Physical infrastructure electronic devices that are able to sense, generate, and transmit data have been around for nearly 50 years. In 1968 Schneider Electric invented the first Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). But the change now in 2015 is the fact that  the cost of IP enablement is now so low and therefore all sorts of devices can be connected to internet to participate in the more open IP-style network and transmit data and receive instructions form various computers anywhere in the world.

Thus IoT allows plants to now monitor new variables that, in the past, were cost prohibitive. Measurement of vibration on machinery and power consumption on all branches of the power system are some examples of how IoT can be cost effectively used in manufacturing and service systems. These lower entry costs are leading to the explosion of the network and generating  a more granular level of data on the existing assets of the firms.

The free-flowing yet structured management of the new data allows managers  within organisations to improve real-time energy and automation tracking in order to cut costs, and operate more safety, reliably, and efficiently.


Leading analysts such as McKinsey & Company are predicting that IoT-enabled business will grow to $10 trillion annually by 2025. IoT will enable higher levels of collaboration and will change the way goods are produced.


Michael Porter is a Harvard economist  expects Internet of Things will deliver "tremendous" efficiency gains.

The Internet of Things will help individual companies to limit the waste factor in global economies in more effective ways. Products which are connected to the web can communicate on their usage patter. This data will be used to schedule maintenance when it's really needed, increasing efficiency. The data will also be used in predictive analytics to reduce failures and improve product design. In sum, all those functionalities will boost the efficiency of production systems.


http://www.infoq.com/articles/iot-impact-productivity

Updated  17.12.2021,  27 June 2016, 19 Apr 2016, 6 Apr 2016
10 Dec 2015

Industrial Engineering - Research Themes and Research Papers

Photo:National Conference on Industrial Engineering and Technology Management (NCIETM) 2014 - Inauguration on 29 October 2014 at NITIE, Mumbai
On the dais: from right  Dr. K.V.S.S. Narayana Rao (Conference Chair), Dr. Karuna Jain (Director, NITIE)), Er. R.G. Rajan (CMD, RCF), Commander Bhandarkar (Chairman, IIIE), Dr. Sachin Kamble (Chair, Conference), Sonal Daulatkar (Fellow Student, NITIE)

Industrial Engineering 4.0

Narayana Rao K.V.S.S., "Industrial Engineering 4.0-Productivity Improvement in Industry 4.0 Implementations - Process Steps – Proposal." 

Advances in Mechanical Engineering in the Era of New Technologies,  Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, INDIA.2020,  p.414

https://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2018/05/applied-industrial-engineering-process.html

"Application of IoT-Aided Simulation to Manufacturing Systems in Cyber-Physical System"

Yifei Tan , Wenhe Yang 2, Kohtaroh Yoshida 2 and Soemon Takakuwa 2 

2 Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan;

Wenhe Yang,     https://researchers.chuo-u.ac.jp/Profiles/5/0000406/detail.html?lang=en&achievement=meeting_achievement

https://www.researchgate.net/scientific-contributions/2083142925-Wenhe-Yang

Journal of Industrial Engineering International

Journal of Industrial Engineering International  is a peer-reviewed open access journal published under the brand SpringerOpen, covering all aspects of industrial engineering. It is fully supported by the Islamic Azad University, who provide funds to cover all costs of publication, including the Article Processing Charges (APC’s) for all authors. Therefore the journal is both free to read and free to publish in.
http://www.springer.com/engineering/production+engineering/journal/40092

Journal of Industrial and Production Engineering

Official Journal of the Chinese Institute of Industrial Engineers
http://www.scimagojr.com/journalsearch.php?q=21100241791&tip=sid&clean=0
Volume 32, Issue 2, 2015
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/tjci21/current#.VScvHtyUd1Y

International Journal of Applied Industrial Engineering (IJAIE)

Editor-in-Chief: Lanndon Ocampo (University of the Philippines Cebu, Philippines)
Indexed In: INSPEC and 10 more indices
Published: Semi-Annually |Established: 2012
https://www.igi-global.com/journal/international-journal-applied-industrial-engineering/41034

European Journal of Industrial Engineering
http://www.scimagojr.com/journalsearch.php?q=11200153401&tip=sid&clean=0

International Journal of Industrial Engineering Computations
http://www.scimagojr.com/journalsearch.php?q=21100223326&tip=sid&clean=0

International Journal of Industrial and Systems Engineering
http://www.scimagojr.com/journalsearch.php?q=5800179616&tip=sid&clean=0

Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management
http://www.scimagojr.com/journalsearch.php?q=19700188349&tip=sid&clean=0

International Journal of Industrial Engineering : Theory Applications and Practice
http://www.scimagojr.com/journalsearch.php?q=19151&tip=sid&clean=0

South African Journal of Industrial Engineering
http://www.scimagojr.com/journalsearch.php?q=19700173182&tip=sid&clean=0

Jordan Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
http://www.scimagojr.com/journalsearch.php?q=20000195025&tip=sid&clean=0

International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management
http://www.scimagojr.com/journalsearch.php?q=21100211751&tip=sid&clean=0

Journal of Japan Industrial Management Association
http://www.scimagojr.com/journalsearch.php?q=144786&tip=sid&clean=0

Engineering Optimization
http://www.scimagojr.com/journalsearch.php?q=29114&tip=sid&clean=0

International Journal of Industrial Engineering & Production Research

http://ijiepr.iust.ac.ir/

Industrial Engineering Principles & Techniques

 Value Analysis and Engineering

     Integrating theory of inventive problem solving into the Value Engineering process
Mao, X.M. , Zhang, X.Q., Abourizk, S.
Proceedings of the 4th International Structural Engineering and Construction Conference, ISEC-4 - Innovations in Structural Engineering and Construction , v. 2, 2008, p. 1453-1458
http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-46678

“The use of Target Costing and Value Engineering at ALSTOM Company”, 2010 Degree Report
  http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:326716/FULLTEXT01.pdf

Optimal Selection of Alternatives: Application of Grey Theory to Value Engineering, 2013
http://iasir.net/IJETCASpapers/IJETCAS13-308.pdf


Vahid Shahhosseini, Mohammad Reza Afshar & Omid Amiri (2017)
"Value engineering practices in infrastructure projects: a case study of Ilam Gas Refinery's water transmission system at Reno Mountain, Iran,"
 International Journal of Construction Management,
DOI: 10.1080/15623599.2017.1326298

 Methods Efficiency Engineering

ECRS’s Principles for a Drinking Water Production Plant.
Klorklear Wajanawichakon1* and Chet Srimitee2
IOSR Journal of Engineering
May. 2012, Vol. 2(5) pp: 956-960
http://www.iosrjen.org/Papers/vol2_issue5/D025956960.pdf

Productivity improvement in shoe making industry By using method study
Parthiban.P, , Raju.R
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE), 2012
http://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jmce/papers/ICRTEM/ME/Volume-4/IOSRME01.pdf?id=7622


 Motion Economy Studies

Principles of motion economy versus physiological sustainability: some lessons from the forest industry
Paul Dickinson (Assoc. NZ Ergonomist), APIEMS Conference, 2013
http://apiems.net/conf2013/1039.pdf


  Work Simplification

 Work Measurement

ASEAN Industrial Engineering and Work Measurement Practices  Phenomenon
Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management , Bali, Indonesia, January 7 – 9, 2014
http://iieom.org/ieom2014/pdfs/125.pdf 


Improving Work Measurement Practice for Method Improvement and Process Design Using Video Analysis
Dirk Van Goubergen; Research group: Lean Enterprise Research Center; Date: 2012; Author:
Peeradaech Suwittayaruk
http://ir18.ugent.be/website/?q=node/1556




DEVELOPING MTM MODIFIERS FOR FINGER DISABILITIES PDF
Anand Subramanian, Anil Mital
FINGER DISABILITIES AND HIGHER LEVEL TASKS – DEVELOPING AND VALIDATING MTM MULTIPLIERS PDF
Anand Subramanian, Anil Mital
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 16, No 4 (2009)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/19

Time Standards and Disability: A Work Measurement Perspective PDF
Anand Subramanian, Anil Mital
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 15, No 1 (2008)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/11

 Facility Location and Layout Design

Centroid – A Widely Misunderstood Concept In Facility Location Problems PDF
William V Gehrlein, Mugdim Pasic
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 16, No 2 (2009)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/17

A Multi-Variate/Multi-Attribute Approach for Plant Layout Design PDF
Ali Azadeh, H. R Izadbakhsh
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 15, No 2 (2008)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/12

 Engineering Optimization

Engineering Optimization Text Book  by S.S. Rao & S.S. Rao, John Wiley, 2009
http://books.google.co.in/books?id=YNt34dvnQLEC  - Book


Hybrid Taguchi-Harmony Search Algorithm for Solving Engineering Optimization Problems PDF
Ali Riza Yildiz 286-293
A Group Decision-Making Framework with Various Rating Attitudes using Fuzzy Set Theory to Prioritize Design Requirements in Quality Function Deployment PDF
Chin-Hung Liu 294-303
Fuzzy Topsis Decision Method for Configuration Management PDF
Shu-Hsuan Chang, Hwai-En Tseng 304-313
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 15, No 3 (2008)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/13

 Applied Operation Research / Optimization

Offsetting Inventory Cycles using Mixed Integer Programming and Genetic Algorithm PDF
Ilkyeong K Moon, Byung Chul Cha, Sun Kwon Kim
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 15, No 3 (2008)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/13


A Mathematical Model for a Multi-Commodity, Two-Stage Transportation and Inventory Problem PDF
P Ji, K J Chen, Q P Yan
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 15, No 3 (2008)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/13

A Fuzzy Group Decision-Making Method in the Relationship Between Customer Requirements and Technical Measures of Quality Function Deployment PDF
Chin-Hung Liu, Hsin-Hung Wu
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 15, No 2 (2008)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/12


Simultaneous Optimization of Robust Design with Quantitative and Ordinal Data
Ful-Chiang Wu
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 15, No 2 (2008)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/12

 Applied Statistics

MONITORING OF THE STENCIL PRINTING PROCESS USING A MODIFIED REGRESSION RESIDUAL CONTROL CHART: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY PDF
Tsung-Nan Tsai, Long-Hui Chen
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 16, No 4 (2009)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/19


Clustering Techniques for Barge to Boat Assignment PDF
Dimitrios Drosos, Gail W DePuy, Don G Taylor, Todd C Whyte
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 16, No 2 (2009)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/17

 Six Sigma

    Combining Lean, Six Sigma, and the Theory of Constraints to Achieve Breakthrough Performance
     A Velocity White Paper from Goldratt Institute, 2009

DEAPS-An Alternative to DMAIC? – A Case Study PDF
Ram R Bishu, Erick C Jones, Rama Thummalapalli 214-226

Beyond Six Sigma – A Control Chart for Tracking Defects per Billion Opportunities (dpbo) PDF
Daryl Santos 227-233

Professional Perceptions of Six Sigma’s Value PDF
Jerusha Myrick, Tracy Burkhardt, Linda Nelms, Steve Patch, Robert Yearout
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 16, No 4 (2009)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/18


Assessing Product Satisfaction Performance using 6-Sigma Methodology and S/N Ratio Approach - the case of PDA PDF
Chia-Jen Tao, Shui-Chuan Chen, Chin-Tsung Hsieh
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 16, No 1 (2009)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/16

 Engineering Economics

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CONDITION BASED MAINTENANCE
Fatih Camci, Ashyrmuhammet Berdinyaz, Mehmet Sevkli, Saim Baskan
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 8 (2011)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/44



Application of ranking method in evaluation of engineering investment projects
Dragan Lj Milanovic, Dragan D Milanovic, Mirjana Z Misita
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 17, No 4 (2010)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/27

MAKING PRODUCT CUSTOMIZATION PROFITABLE
Niels Henrik Mortensen, Lars Hvam, Anders Haug, Per Boelskifte, Christian Lindschou, Simon Frobenius
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 17, No 1 (2010)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/22

 Production Economics

 Engineering Ergonomics

 Systems Dynamics and Modelling

 Simulation

  Lean Systems - Waste Elimination Practices of Toyota Production System 

New IE Methods proposed by Shigeo Shingo (SMED, Poka Yoke, Zero Breakdowns and Defects, 7 Waste Model)




Pacemaker, Bottleneck and Order Decoupling Point in Lean Production Systems
Ibon Serrano, Rodolfo de Castro, Ainhoa Goienetxea
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 16, No 4 (2009)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/19


Efficacy of Lean Metrics in Evaluating the Performance of Manufacturing Systems PDF
Mohammed Khadem, Sk Ahad Ali, Hamid Seifoddini
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 15, No 2 (2008)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/12

Application of Industrial Engineering in Technical Processes

 Product Design Processes

OBSERVED BENEFITS FROM PRODUCT CONFIGURATION SYSTEMS
Lars Hvam, Anders Haug, Niels Henrik Mortensen, Christian Thuesen
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 20, No 5 - 6 (2013)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/68



PRODUCT PLATFORM SCREENING AT LEGO
Niels Henrik Mortensen, Thomas Steen Jensen, Ole Fiil Nielsen
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 11 (2011)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/64



A Framework of Integrated Recyclability Tools For Automobile Design
Novita Sakundarini
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 10 (2011)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/60

A FRAMEWORK FOR THE ADOPTION OF RAPID PROTOTYPING FOR SMEs: FROM STRATEGIC TO OPERATIONAL
Ayyaz Ahmad
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 3 (2012)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/53


Internet User Research in Product Development: rapid and low cost initial research for Information
Aruna Shekar
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 1 (2012)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/51



IMPROVING DECISION MAKING IN THE EARLY PHASES OF CONFIGURATION PROJECTS
Niels Henrik Mortensen, Ulf Harlou, Lars Hvam, Anders Haug
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 9 (2011)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/45

The Optimal Cost Estimating for Improvement of Product Design
Hongchul Lee, Jaemyung Lee
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 5 (2011)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/32


FACILITATING DESIGN FOR ASSEMBLY THROUGH THE ADOPTION OF A PROACTIVE DESIGN METHODOLOGY
Anoop Arun Desai, Anil Mital
IMPROVING MAINTAINABILITY OF PRODUCTS THROUGH THE ADOPTION OF A COMPREHENSIVE DfX METHODOLOGY
Anoop Arun Desai, Anil Mital
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 17, No 2 (2010)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/23

Product Modularization Considering Cost and Manufacturability of Modules PDF
Bimal Nepal, Leslie Monplaisir, Nanua Singh, Attila Yaprak
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 15, No 2 (2008)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/12

 Manufacturing Systems

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF LEAN FACILITY LAYOUT SYSTEM OF A PRODUCTION LINE
Zhenyuan Jia, Xiaohong LU, Wei Wang, Defeng Jia
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 20, No 7 - 8 (2013)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/69


A Methodology of Collaborative Performance Measurement for Manufacturing Collaboration
Jae-Yoon Jung, Jinsung Lee, Jihwan Jung, Sang-Kuk Kim, Dongmin Shin
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 3 (2012)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/53



SIMULATION, MODELING AND AVAILABILITY ANALYSIS OF SOLE LASTING UNIT IN SHOE MAKING INDUSTRY
Vikas Modgil
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 2 (2012)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/63


AN INVESTIGATION OF INTERNAL LOGISTICS OF A LEAN BUS ASSEMBLY SYSTEM VIA SIMULATION: A CASE STUDY
Aric Johnson
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 1 (2012)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/51

ADVANCED MACHINE TOOLS: HOW BEST TO TRAIN OPERATORS
Rama Thummalapalli, Vineeth R Yeddula, Vijaya K Musunuru, Erick C Jones, Ram Bishu
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 12 (2011)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/48


OPTIMIZATION OF MACHINING PARAMETERS FOR TURNING AL-SIC (10P) MMC USING TAGUCHI GREY RELATIONAL ANALYSIS
Ramanujam Radhakrishnan, Raju Ramasamy, Nambi Muthukrishnan
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 11 (2011)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/47



Improvement of process capability through Six Sigma and Robust Design-Case study of an Indian steel Industry
Dr. Yadavalli Basavaraj
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 9 (2011)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/45


Product Family Formation for Reconfigurable Manufacturing using a Bi-criterion Evolutionary Algorithm
Laxmi Narayan Pattanaik, Vikas Kumar
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 9 (2011)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/45

A Simulation Approach to Improve Assembly Line Performance
BERNARDO VILLARREAL, Maria Roble Alanis
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 6 (2011)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/33

Design and implementation of Lean Facility Layout System of a Production Line PDF
Xiaohong Lu, Zhenyuan Jia, Jiangyuan Yang, Huifang Liu
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 5 (2011)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/32


A METHODOLOGY FOR ANALYSIS OF MANUFACTURING OPERATIONS DUE TO COMPLEXITY
Ali Kamrani
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 2 (2011)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/29


MATHEMATICAL MODELLING AND SIMULATION OF WORKING OF AN ENTERPRIZE MANUFACTURING ELECTRIC MOTORS
Vivek Hari Tatwawadi, Jayant Pandurang Modak, Suresh Chilbule
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 17, No 4 (2010)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/27



Critical equipments decision support system for process layout environment: a case of wafer FAB
Cheng-Wen Chang, David Ming-Huang Chiang, Yen-Chang Chang, Nian-Ze Hu
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 17, No 3 (2010)

A WAVELET-BASED VARIABLE CONTROL PROCEDURE FOR DETECTING PROCESS MEAN SHIFT
Chien-Chih Wang, Wei-Min Wen
DECIDING OPTIMAL SPECIFICATION LIMITS AND PROCESS ADJUSTMENTS UNDER QUALITY LOSS FUNCTION AND PROCESS CAPABILITY INDICES
Shih-Chou Kao
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 17, No 3 (2010)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/25




Scrap Reduction By Using Total Quality Management Tools PDF
Sanjay Kumar, S.S Mantha, Arun Kumar
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 16, No 4 (2009)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/19




MONITORING OF THE STENCIL PRINTING PROCESS USING A MODIFIED REGRESSION RESIDUAL CONTROL CHART: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY PDF
Tsung-Nan Tsai, Long-Hui Chen
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 16, No 4 (2009)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/19



PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF A MULTIPLE COMPONENT MANUFACTURING SUBSYSTEM OF A RUBBER TUBE PRODUCTION PLANT UNDER PREEMPTIVE RESUME PRIORITY REPAIR PDF
Atul Goyal, S.K Sharma, Pardeep Gupta
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 16, No 4 (2009)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/19




Implementation of Six Sigma in a Manufacturing Process: A Case Study PDF
Adan Valles, Jaime Sanchez, Salvador Noriega, Berenice Gómez Nuñez
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 16, No 4 (2009)

Six Sigma Improvement Project for Automotive Speakers in an
Assembly Process
Adan Valles, Salvador Noriega, Jaime Sanchez, Erwin Martínez, and Jesús Salinas
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 16, No 3 (2009)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/article/view/264/107


Techno-Economic Analysis of Hybrid Layered Manufacturing
UT symposium 2005  paper
http://utwired.engr.utexas.edu/lff/symposium/proceedingsarchive/pubs/manuscripts/2005/2005-34-karunakaran.pdf
(A Presentation on HLM by Prof K.P. Karunakaran, IIT Bombay - https://csissaclay.files.wordpress.com/2013/07/aefa_2013_karunakaran.pdf)


COMPUTER BASED WELDING TRAINING SYSTEM PDF
Sakol Teeravarunyou, Bovornchok Poopatb
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 16, No 2 (2009)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/17


A Comparative Study of the Three Predictive Tools for Forecasting a Transfer Line's Throughput PDF
Patrick A Hillberg, Sankar Sengupta, Robert P Van Til
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 16, No 1 (2009)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/16

A Revised Version of Ant Colony Algorithm for One-Dimensional Cutting Stock Problem PDF
Kourosh Eshghi, Hasan Javanshir
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 15, No 4 (2008)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/14


Electroplating Line Flexible Control using P-Time Petri Nets Modeling and Hoist Waiting Times Calculation
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 15, No 3 (2008)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/13


Design of An Artificial Neural Network for Assembly Sequence Planning System PDF
Cem Sinanoglu
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 15, No 1 (2008)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/11

Statistical Optimization of Process Variables In A Continuous Inkjet Process – A Case Study PDF
Salil Desai, Michael Lovell
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 15, No 1 (2008)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/11

 Material Handling Systems

Material handling and Process Imprvement using Lean Manufacturing Principles
Tushar Kirtikumar Acharya
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 7 (2011)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/43

 Quality and Inspection Systems


The Development of a Training Expert System for TFT-LCD Defects Inspection PDF
Jung-Jung Chang, Sheue-Ling Hwang, Chao-Hua Wen
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 16, No 1 (2009)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/16

 Storage and Warehouse Systems

 Supply Chain Systems

A Study of Key Factors in the Introduction of RFID into Supply Chains through the Adaptive Structuration Theory
Mei Ying Wu, Chun Wei Ku
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 20, No 5 - 6 (2013)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/68


Quantifying the Bullwhip Effect in a Seasonal Supply Chain with Stochastic Lead Time
Dong Won Cho, Young Hae Lee
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 20, No 1 - 2 (2013)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/66



DISTRIBUTED OPERATIONS PLANNING IN THE LUMBER SUPPLY CHAIN: MODELS AND COORDINATION.
Jonathan Gaudreault, Pascal Forget, Jean-Marc Frayret, Alain Rousseau, Sebastien Lemieux, Sophie D'Amours
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 17, No 3 (2010)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/25

SUPPLY NETWORK CONFIGURATION USING THE VALUE ENGINEERING BASED METHOD
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 17, No 1 (2010)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/22


Modeling and Solving an Integrated Supply Chain System PDF
Minnie H Patel, Wenbin Wei, Yasser Dessouky, Zengbin Hao, Ronnaporn Pasakdee
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 16, No 1 (2009)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/16



Modeling Supply Chain Diagnostics with Fuzzy Dynamic Bayesian Networks PDF
Han-Ying Kao, Chia-Hui Huang
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 15, No 3 (2008)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/13

 Logistics Systems

OPERATION PLANNING FOR EMPTY CONTAINER REPOSITIONING
Yin Long, Loo Hay Lee, Ek Peng CHEW, Yi LUO, Jijun SHAO, Arpan SENGUTA, Selina M L Chua

A STRUCTURAL AND SEMANTIC APPROACH TO SIMILARITY MEASUREMENT OF LOGISTICS PROCESSES
Bernardo Nugroho Yahya, Hyerim Bae, Joonsoo Bae

COLLABORATION BASED RECONFIGURATION OF PACKAGE SERVICE NETWORK WITH MULTIPLE CONSOLIDATION TERMINALS
Hyunjeung Ko

INTRODUCING THE CONCEPT OF AUTONOMOUS AGENTS AS A TOOL TO ASSIST THE ANALYSIS OF THE COLLABORATION BETWEEN MANUFACTURED EXPORTERS AND MARITIME SHIPPERS
Vanina Macowski Durski Silva, Antonio G Novaes, Bernd Scholz-Reiter, Jakub Piotrowski

LOGISTICAL SERVICE PROVIDER TRIADIC RELATIONAL DYNAMICS
Paul Childerhouse

OPTIMAL PRICING AND GUARANTEED LEAD TIME WITH CONSIDERATION OF LATENESS PENALTIES
Chulung Lee
Planning for Selective Remarshaling in an Automated Container Terminal Using Coevolutionary Algorithms
Kiyeok Park, Taejin Park, Kwang Ryel Ryu

International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 20, No 1 - 2 (2013)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/66


Tracking and tracing of logistics networks: perspective of real-time business environment
AHM Shamsuzzoha, Petri Helo
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 3 (2012)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/53


SIMULATION MODELING OF OUTBOUND LOGISTICS OF SUPPLY CHAIN: A CASE STUDY OF TELECOM COMPANY
Arvind Jayant, pardeep Gupta, Suresh Garg, Subhash Wadhwa
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 2 (2012)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/63




DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF A LOGISTICS NETWORK FOR A TELECOM PRODUCTS SUPPLY APPLICATION: A CASE STUDY
Ming Zhou, Xu Chen
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 17, No 2 (2010)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/23

 Information Systems

SYSTEM RELIABILITY WITH ROUTING SCHEME FOR A STOCHASTIC COMPUTER NETWORK UNDER ACCURACY RATE
Yi-Kuei Lin
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 20, No 5 - 6 (2013)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/68


Improvement and Performance Evaluation of Uplink Packet Scheduling for Wireless Broadband Internet
Jang Hyun Baek, Kyung Hee Kim, Jin-Won Park
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 10 (2011)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/46


VR-Based Robot Programming and Simulation System for an Industrial Robot PDF
Yap Hwa Jen, Zahari Taha, Lee Jer Vui 314-322
Web-Enabled Vision Guided Robotic Tracking Within the Framework of E-Manufacturing PDF
Yongjin Kwon

International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 15, No 3 (2008)

 Pollution Control Systems

 Energy Engineering

INDUSTRY ENERGY EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS IN NORTHEAST BRAZIL: PROPOSAL OF METHODOLOGY AND CASE STUDIES
Miguel Melo, Luiz Bueno, Sergio Campello
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 11 (2011)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/64

 Reliability Engineering and Maintenance

PRODUCT QUALITY-BASED METHODOLOGY FOR MACHINE FAILURE ANALYSIS AND PREDICTION
Hazem Smadi, Ali Kamrani
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 11 (2011)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/47




IDENTIFICATION OF THE CRITICAL PHASES AND DECISION-MAKING CRITERIA FOR THE SHUTDOWN OF CHEMICAL PROCESSING PLANTS. CASE STUDIES: SOUTH AMERICA, SPAIN AND PORTUGAL.
Luis Jose Amendola, T. Depool, M. A. Artacho
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 17, No 3 (2010)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/25



Determining the periodic maintenance interval for guaranteeing the availability of a system with a linearly increasing hazard rate: Industry Application PDF
Woohyun Kim, Suneung Ahn
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 16, No 2 (2009)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/17

 Transport Systems

Hierarchical approach to Vehicle Routing and Scheduling
Kyoung C Kim, Ji U Sun, Shi W Lee
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 20, No 1 - 2 (2013)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/66

TOTAL COST OF OWNERSHIP FOR RAILWAY ASSETS: A CASE STUDY ON BOXN
WAGONS OF INDIAN RAILWAYS
2004 conference paper
http://www.apiems.net/archive/apiems2004/pdf/apiems2004_8.5.pdf
(More conference papers are available on apiems.net site. Go through them)





Optimal Fleet Size, Delivery Routes, and Workforce Assignments for the Vehicle Routing Problem with Manual Materials Handling
Prachya Boonprasurt, Suebsak Nanthavanij
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 6 (2012)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/56


Airspace Complexity Measurement: An Air Traffic Control Simulation Analysis PDF
Parimal H Kopardekar, Albert Schwartz, Sherri Magyarits, Jessica Rhodes
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 16, No 1 (2009)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/16

Applications of Industrial Engineering in Business Processes

 Marketing and Selling Processes


ORDER PROCESS FLOW OF MASS CUSTOMIZATION BASED ON SIMILARITY EVALUATION
XU Xuanguo
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 20, No 5 - 6 (2013)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/68



BIOBJECTIVE MODEL FOR REDESIGNING SALES TERRITORIES
Juan Gabriel Correa
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 10 (2012)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/59



Cycle Time Improvement by a Six Sigma Project for the Increase of New Business Accounts PDF
Marcela White, Jorge Luis Garcia Alcaraz, Jesus Andres Hernandez, Jorge Meza Jimenez
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 16, No 4 (2009)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/18

 Distribution

Delivery Management System Using the Clustering based Multiple Ant Colony Algorithm: Korean Home Appliance Delivery
taeho kim, Hongchul Lee
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 21, No 2 (2014)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/73


AN APPLICATION OF CAPACITATED VEHICLE ROUTING PROBLEM TO REVERSE LOGISTICS OF DISPOSED FOOD WASTE
Hyunsoo Kim, Jun-Gyu Kang, Wonsob Kim
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 21, No 1 (2014)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/72

HYBRID FLOW SHOP SCHEDULING PROBLEMS INVOLVING SETUP CONSIDERATIONS: A LITERATURE REVIEW AND ANALYSIS
Márcia de Fátima Morais, Moacir Godinho Filho, Thays Josyane Perassoli Boiko
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 20, No 11 - 12 (2013)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/71



An Introduction to Distribution Operational Efficiency
Bernardo Villarreal, Fabiola Garza, Imelda Rosas, David Garcia
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 7 (2012)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/57

 Accounting Processes

 Customer Service Processes

 Human Resource Recruitment Processes

 Purchase Processes

Industrial Engineering in Managerial Processes 

 Factory and Facilities Location

Factory Relocation of Global Manufacturing Enterprises: A Case Study
Jun-Der Leu, Yu-Tsung Huang
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 10 (2011)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/46




An Efficient Heuristic Solution to the Single-Facility Euclidean Location Problem
Ching-Chung Kuo
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 17, No 2 (2010)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/23

 Manpower Planning (Organization and Staffing Functions of Management)

A QUANTITATIVE PERFORMANCE EVALUATION MODEL BASED ON A JOB SATISFACTION-PERFORMANCE MATRIX AND APPLICATION IN A MANUFACTURING COMPANY
Adnan Aktepe, Suleyman Ersoz
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 6 (2012)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/56


The optimal organization structure design problem in make-to-order enterprises
Jesus Alonso Mena, Chin-Sheng Chen
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 4 (2012)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/54




Heuristic Approach to Workforce Scheduling with Combined Safety and Productivity Objective
Suebsak Nanthavanij, Sorawit Yaoyuenyong, Chawalit Jeenanunta
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 17, No 4 (2010)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/27

 Inventory Control and Materials Planning (Inventory Management)

A CLASSIC AND EFFECTIVE APPROACH TO INVENTORY MANAGEMENT
José Angel López-Garces, Abraham Mendoza, Javier Masini-Aguilera
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 20, No 5 - 6 (2013)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/68



THE OPERATION OF VENDING MACHINE SYSTEMS WITH STOCK-OUT-BASED, ONE-STAGE ITEM SUBSTITUTION
Yang-Byung Park, Sung-Joon Yoon
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 11 (2012)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/64


AN EPQ PRODUCTION-INVENTORY MODEL WITH VARIABLE HOLDING COST
Hesham Alfares
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 5 (2012)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/55



DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF A DECISION MODEL FOR THE INTEGRATED PRODUCTION AND MATERIAL PLANNING OF COLOR FILTER MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY
Jun-Der Leu, Ta-Chun Wen, Kuei-Hu Chang
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 17, No 4 (2010)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/27





MINIMIZATION OF WORK IN PROCESS INVENTORY IN HYBRID FLOW SHOP SCHEDULING USING FUZZY LOGIC
Sanjoy Kumar Paul, Abdullahil Azeem
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 17, No 2 (2010)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/23

 Production Planning and Control (Production and Operations Management)

A HYBRID ELECTROMAGNETISM-LIKE ALGORITHM FOR A MIXED-MODEL ASSEMBLY LINE SEQUENCING PROBLEM
Hong-Sen Yan, Tian-Hua Jiang, Fu-Li Xiong
OPTIMAL JOB SCHEDULING OF A RAIL CRANE IN RAIL TERMINALS
Duy Vu Anh Nguyen, Won Young Yun
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 21, No 3 (2014)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/74


A Combined Approach of Cycle Time Estimation in Mass Customization Enterprise
feng liang
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 20, No 9 - 10 (2013)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/70




Parallel Kanban-ConWIP System for Batch Production in Electronics Assembly
Mei Yong Chong, Joshua Prakash, Suat Ling Ng, Razlina Ramli, Jeng Feng Chin
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 20, No 7 - 8 (2013)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/69




Applying Genetic Local Search Algorithm to Solve the Job-Shop Scheduling Problem
Chuanjun Zhu
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 10 (2012)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/59





PRODUCTION LEAD TIME VARIABILITY SIMULATION – INSIGHTS FROM A CASE STUDY
Gandolf R. Finke, Mahender Singh, Paul Schönsleben
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 5 (2012)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/55


AN INTEGRATED UTILISATION, SCHEDULING AND LOT-SIZING ALGORITHM FOR PULL PRODUCTION
Olufemi Adewumi Babatunde Adetunji, Venkata Yadavalli
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 3 (2012)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/53


GENETIC ALGORITHMS WITH A NEW REPAIR OPERATOR FOR ASSEMBLY JOB SHOP SCHEDULING
Fuji Wang, Zhenyuan Jia, Wei Liu, Guokai Zhao
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 7 (2011)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/43

AGGREGATE PRODUCTION PLANNING WITH FUZZY DEMAND AND VARIABLE SYSTEM CAPACITY BASED ON TOC MEASURES PDF
Busaba Phruksaphanrat, Ario Ohsato, Pisal Yenradee
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 5 (2011)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/32

Shop-Floor Control For Batch Operations With Time Constraints In Wafer Fabrication
Ying-Mei Tu, Hsin-Nan Chen, Tsai-Feng Liu
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 17, No 2 (2010)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/23

An Aggregate Production Planning Strategy Selection Methodology based on Linear Physical Programming PDF
Bahadır Gulsun, Gulfem Tuzkaya, Umut R Tuzkaya, Semih Onut 135-146

Strategic Paradigms for Manufacturing Management (Spmm): Key Elements and Conceptual Model PDF
Moacir Godinho Filho, Flavio Cesar Faria Fernandes
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 16, No 2 (2009)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/17

Heuristic Genetic Algorithm for Workforce Scheduling with Minimum Total Worker-Location Changeover PDF
Krisada Asawarungsaengkul, Suebsak Nanthavanij
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 15, No 4 (2008)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/14

Assessing the Availability and Allocation of Production Capacity in a Fabrication Facility Through Simulation Modeling: A Case Study
J. H Marvel, M. A Schaub, G. R Weckman
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 15, No 2 (2008)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/12

A Hit-Rate Based Dispatching Rule For Semiconductor Manufacturing PDF
Muh-Cherng Wu, Ting-Uao Hung
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 15, No 1 (2008)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/11

 Project Planning and Control (Project Management)

A GENETIC ALGORITHM APPROACH FOR OPTIMIZING CHEMICAL TOWER CONSTRUCTION PROJECT SCHEDULING WITH DYNAMIC RESOURCES CONSTRAINTS
Hsian-Jong Hsiau, Chun-Wei R.Lin
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 17, No 2 (2010)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/23 

 Budgeting and Budgetary Control  (Cost  Management)

 Maintenance Planning and Control (Maintenance Management)

A mechanism for linking user’s operational requirements with reliability and maintenance
schedule for machine tool
M.S. Kulkarni, IIT Delhi
http://web.iitd.ac.in/~mskulkarni/Papers/Bhupesh/BL_2010_IJRS.pdf

  Supply Management (Supplier Selection and Evaluation)

A Supplier Selection Method Using AR- DEA and Fuzzy VIKOR
Ali Mohaghar, Mohammad Reza Fathi, Abdol Hossein Jafarzadeh
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 20, No 5 - 6 (2013)

A SUPPLIER DISCOVERY FRAMEWORK FOR EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT CONFIGURATION OF A SUPPLY CHAIN
Choonghyun Lee, Young Hoon Lee, Buhwan Jeong, Hyunbo Cho
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 3 (2011)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/30


Simulated Annealing for Solving Piecewise Linear Supplier Selection Problem Considering Quantity Discounts PDF
N. Arunkumar, L. Karunamoorthy, N. Uma Makeshwaraa
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 15, No 2 (2008)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/12

A Three-Phase Multicriteria Method to the Supplier Selection Problem PDF
Abraham Mendoza, E Santiago, A Ravi Ravindran
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 15, No 2 (2008)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/12

Industrial Engineering and Technology Management Interface

 Industrial Engineering Evaluation of New Technologies
 Optimization of New Technologies
 Six Sigma Studies of New Technologies
 Engineering Economy Analysis of New Technologies
 Technology Adoption - Role of Industial Engineering in Adopting Companies


Industrial Engineering in Service Industries

 Health Care



Adopting the Healthcare Failure Mode and Effect Analysis to Improve the Blood Transfusion Processes
Chao-Ton Su, Chia-Jen Chou, Sheng-Hui Hung, Pa-Chun Wang
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 8 (2012)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/58

 Oil,Gas, Water, Power  Distribution



A MULTI-HIERARCHY GREY RELATIONAL ANALYSIS MODEL FOR NATURAL GAS PIPELINE OPERATION SCHEMES COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION
Changjun Li, Wenlong Jia, Enbin Liu, Xia Wu
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 19, No 6 (2012)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/56

 Hospitality

 Education

 Government Services

 Banking, Insurance and Other Financial Services

 Telecommunications Networks



Capacity Planning In a Telecommunications Network: A Case Study PDF
Carlos Alberto Alvarez Herrera, Deniz Özdemir, Mauricio Cabrera-Ríos
International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice
Vol 16, No 2 (2009)
http://journals.sfu.ca/ijietap/index.php/ijie/issue/view/17


Knowledge Management

Information systems and knowledge management in industrial engineering: recent advances and new perspectives

F.B. Vernadat ORCID Icon,F.T.S. Chan ORCID Icon,A. Molina ORCID Icon,S.Y. Nof &H. Panetto ORCID Icon

Pages 2707-2713 | Published online: 02 Apr 2018

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00207543.2018.1454615

Challenges

Factor Analysis of Obstacles Restraining Productivity Improvement Programs in Manufacturing Enterprises in Oman

Hamdi A. Bashir,1 Khalid Alzebdeh,2 and Amur M. A. Al Riyami2

Journal of Industrial Engineering, Volume 2014 |Article ID 195018 | https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/195018

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jie/2014/195018/

The obstacles used in the survey are as follows:

(i) : insufficient investment in workforce training,

(ii) : poor financial controls and/or information systems,

(iii) : weak middle managers,

(iv) : decline of the work ethic,

(v) : no clear connection between employee effort and rewards,

(vi) : insufficient capital for improving plants and equipment,

(vii) : poor employee relations,

(viii) : weakness in industrial and manufacturing engineering,

(ix) : a piecemeal, unplanned approach to improving productivity,

(x) : inadequate/ineffective coordination among departments or functional areas,

(xi) : insufficient investment in management and supervisor training and development,

(xii) : poorly trained supervisory personnel in the area of productivity-related problems,

(xiii) O13: high worker turnover,

(xiv) O14: lack of workforce loyalty,

(xv) O15: impossibility of program implementation.

Updated 17.12.2021, 25 September 2020

20 April 2018, 16 November 2014