INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING is redesign (engineering) of Products, Facilities and Processes for Productivity increase.
Productivity Management Imperative for USA - McKinsey. Returning US productivity to its long-term trend of 2.2 percent annual growth would add $10 trillion in cumulative GDP over the next ten years (2023 - 2030).
Productivity Management Imperative for USA - McKinsey. Returning US productivity to its long-term trend of 2.2 percent annual growth would add $10 trillion in cumulative GDP over the next ten years (2023 - 2030).
INTRODUCTION TO MODERN INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING. E-Book FREE Download.
Guidelines for Layout around the Workstation to Increase Productivity of Operator Motions
The guidelines are based on principles of motion economy only.
(1) Both hands have to be utilized for productive work. If similar work is being done by each hand, there should be a separate bins for supply of materials or parts for each hand.
(2) If the eyes are used to select material, as far as possible the material should be kept in an area where the eyes can locate it without there being any need to turn the head.
(3) Use semi-circular arrangements as hands can move over semicircle only in sitting position.
(4) Provide comfortable seating Design the workplace using anthropometric data.
(5) Use appropriate bins depending on the shape of components and make it easy for the operators to pick up or slide the components.
accommodate material.
(6) Hand tools should be picked up with the least possible disturbance to the rhythm and symmetry of movements. As far as possible the operator should be able to pick up or put down a tool as the hand moves from one part of the work to the next, without making a special movement.
(7) As curved movements take less time compared to straight line movements and reversals, tools should be placed on the arc of movements, but they have to be away from the path of movement of material or components from bin to the work place.
(8) Tools should be easy to pick up and replace; as far as possible they should have an automatic return, or they should be at the place close to the location of the next piece of material to
be moved so that tool can be released and the material can be picked up.
(9) Finished work should be:
(a) dropped down a hole or a chute using a foot movement.
(b) dropped through a chute, as the hand making the first motion of the next cycle;
(c) put in a container placed so that hand movements are kept to a minimum;
(d) placed in a container in such a way that the next operative can pick it up easily.
(Industrial engineers have to learn the design of delivery chutes for components)
(10) Always look into the possibility of using pedals or knee-operated levers for locking or indexing devices on fixtures or devices for disposing of finished work.
(Industrial engineers have to learn the design of foot operated pedals and the mechanisms that transfer the motion to the workholding devices to release the component.)
The guidelines are based on principles of motion economy only.
(1) Both hands have to be utilized for productive work. If similar work is being done by each hand, there should be a separate bins for supply of materials or parts for each hand.
(2) If the eyes are used to select material, as far as possible the material should be kept in an area where the eyes can locate it without there being any need to turn the head.
(3) Use semi-circular arrangements as hands can move over semicircle only in sitting position.
(4) Provide comfortable seating Design the workplace using anthropometric data.
(5) Use appropriate bins depending on the shape of components and make it easy for the operators to pick up or slide the components.
accommodate material.
(6) Hand tools should be picked up with the least possible disturbance to the rhythm and symmetry of movements. As far as possible the operator should be able to pick up or put down a tool as the hand moves from one part of the work to the next, without making a special movement.
(7) As curved movements take less time compared to straight line movements and reversals, tools should be placed on the arc of movements, but they have to be away from the path of movement of material or components from bin to the work place.
(8) Tools should be easy to pick up and replace; as far as possible they should have an automatic return, or they should be at the place close to the location of the next piece of material to
be moved so that tool can be released and the material can be picked up.
(9) Finished work should be:
(a) dropped down a hole or a chute using a foot movement.
(b) dropped through a chute, as the hand making the first motion of the next cycle;
(c) put in a container placed so that hand movements are kept to a minimum;
(d) placed in a container in such a way that the next operative can pick it up easily.
(Industrial engineers have to learn the design of delivery chutes for components)
(10) Always look into the possibility of using pedals or knee-operated levers for locking or indexing devices on fixtures or devices for disposing of finished work.
(Industrial engineers have to learn the design of foot operated pedals and the mechanisms that transfer the motion to the workholding devices to release the component.)
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