What is Industrial and Systems Engineering?
IISE Definition of Industrial Engineering
Industrial and systems engineering (ISE) is concerned with the design, improvement and installation of integrated systems of people, materials, information, equipment and energy. It draws upon specialized knowledge and skill in the mathematical, physical, and social sciences together with the principles and methods of engineering analysis and design, to specify, predict, and evaluate the results to be obtained from such systems.
Industrial engineering began with focus on cost reduction.
F.W. Taylor developed a system to increase productivity of machine and man and thereby decrease unit cost of production of products.
AIIE tried to augment the focus of industrial engineering to more result areas.
Industrial engineering specifies, predicts and evaluates the results to be obtained from systems of equipment, materials, people, energy and information.
It does design, improvement and installation.
It draws upon in the mathematical, physical and social sciences with the principles of and methods of engineering analysis and design.
Industrial engineering analyses and designs elements related to equipment, materials, people, energy and information as individual areas of focus and it also also analyses and designs combinations of these components of systems up to the level of treating all of them in a single decision, which is system level focus. The benefit to be gained by any industrial engineering redesign or design has to be gained at the system level.
Industrial engineering is result oriented engineering. Its discipline content includes social sciences to take care of people. It includes management discipline also.
Result Areas
As per definition, any result area can become the activity of IE.
Cost and productivity are the two result areas which were first taken up by IE. Quality awareness and resolve not to deteriorate quality was part of IE right from beginning. But as quality engineering and management made its progress, IE adopted quality as a result area. Later flexibility appeared. Now sustainability came into prominence.
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Material
Machine
Men
Energy
Information
Industrial Engineering Analysis - Methods
Process Analysis
Operation Analysis
Operation Element Analysis - Example: Cutting tool analysis in a machining operation.
Layout Transportation Analysis
Process, Operation, Element Time Analysis
Value Analysis
Cost Analysis
Productivity Analysis
Inventory Analysis (Value Stream Mapping)
Basic Engineering Analysis
Analysis of Mechanisms and Machine Design
Design of Machine Elements
Process Engineering
Facilities Engineering
System Industrial Engineering
Integration
Integration for Total Productivity Management.
Integration for System Efficiency
Total Productivity Management.
Industrial Engineering of the Components of the System
Material
Materials Industrial Engineering
Machine
Machine Work Study Through Operation Analysis of Maynard & Stegemerten
Machine Based Industrial Engineering - Japanese Practice - Karakuri Kaizen
Total Equipment Productivity Management and Engineering (TEPME) - Industrial Engineering
Men
Human Effort Industrial Engineering
https://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2023/04/human-effort-industrial-engineering.html
Human Effort Industrial Engineering - Design of Human Effort for Increasing Productivity, Comfort, Health and Income
H.B. Maynard - HUMAN EFFORT INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING - Methods Time Measurement (MTM) - Introduction
Energy
Energy Industrial Engineering
Information
Industrial Engineering of Information Systems
IISE - Industrial Engineering - Productivity Analysis of Components of Industrial Engineering
Material
Material Productivity - Analysis Questions
Questions for Productivity Analysis of Material:
1. Does the material specified appear suitable for the purpose for which it is to be used?
2. Could a less expensive material be substituted that would function as well?
3. Could a lighter gage material be used?
4. Is the material furnished in suitable condition for use?
5. Could the supplier perform additional work upon the material that would make it better suited for its use?
6. Is the size of the material the most economical?
7. If bar stock or tubing, is the material straight?
8. If a casting or forging, is the excess stock sufficient for machining purposes but not excessive?
9. Can the machinability of the material be improved by heat-treatment or in other ways?
10. Do castings have hard spots or burned-in core sand that should be eliminated?
11. Are castings properly cleaned and have all fins, gate ends, and riser bases been removed?
12. Is material sufficiently clean and free from rust?
13. If coated with a preserving compound, how does this compound affect dies?
14. Is material ordered in amounts and sizes that permit its utilization with a minimum amount of waste, scrap, or short ends?
15. Is material uniform and reasonably free from flaws and defects?
16. Is material utilized to the best advantage during processing?
17. Where yield from a given amount of material depends upon ability of the operator, is any record of yield kept?
18. Is miscellaneous material used for assembly, such as nails, screws, wire, solder, rivets, paste, and washers, suitable?
19. Are the indirect or supply materials such as cutting oil, molding sand, or lubricants best suited to the job?
20. Are materials used in connection with the process, such as gas, fuel oil, coal, coke, compressed air, water, electricity, acids, and paints, suitable, and is their use controlled and economical?
Material Productivity - Analysis Questions
Machine
Questions on Machine, Equipment and Tools
The tools and equipment used to perform the operation needs to analysed logically. The following questions are the sort that will lead to suggested improvements:
1. Is the machine tool best suited to the performance of the operation of all tools available? (Alternative machines in the factory, in the existing supply chain, new firms, new machines)
2. Would the purchase of a better machine be justified?
2a. Would a significant improvement of the machine give more productivity?
3. Can the work be held in the machine by other means to better advantage? (Alternative fixtures)
4. Should a vise be used?
5. Should a jig be used?
6. Should clamps be used?
7. Is the jig design good from a motion-economy standpoint?
8. Can the part be inserted and removed quickly from the jig?
9. Would quick-acting cam-actuated tightening mechanisms be desirable on vise, jig, or clamps?
10. Can ejectors for automatically removing part when vise or jig is opened be installed?
11. Is chuck of best type for the purpose? (Alternatives)
12. Would special jaws be better? (Alternatives for jaws)
13. Should a multiple fixture be provided? (To reduce setup time)
14. Should duplicate holding means be provided so that one may be loaded while machine is making a cut on a part held in the other?
15. Are the cutters proper? (Alternative cutting tools)
16. Should high-seed steel or cemented carbide be used? (Now there are more alternatives)
17. Are tools properly ground? (Geometry of cutting tool - Taylor's experiments)
18. Is the necessary accuracy readily obtainable with tool and fixture equipment available?
10. Are hand tools pre-positioned ?
20. Are hand tools best suited to purpose? (Alternatives)
21. Will ratchet, spiral, or power-driven tools save time?
22. Are all operators provided with the same tools?
23. Can a special tool be made to improve the operation?
24. If accurate work is necessary, are proper gages or other measuring instruments provided?
Men
Energy
https://nraoiekc.blogspot.com/2012/01/energy-industrial-engineering.html
Information
ABOUT IISE
The Institute of Industrial and Systems Engineers (IISE), is an international, nonprofit association that provides leadership for the application, education, training, research, and development of industrial and systems engineering.
Industrial and systems engineers make things better in any industry.
What is industrial and systems engineering? (IISE official definition)
Industrial and systems engineering is concerned with the design, improvement and installation of integrated systems of people, materials, information, equipment and energy. It draws upon specialized knowledge and skill in the mathematical, physical, and social sciences together with the principles and methods of engineering analysis and design, to specify, predict, and evaluate the results to be obtained from such systems.
IISE is recognized internationally as:
The leading provider of cutting-edge continuing education in industrial and systems engineering.
The acknowledged source of productivity improvement information via the Internet, publications, webinars, podcasts, and live events, including an annual conference, topical conferences, and career-enhancing courses.
https://www.iise.org/details.aspx?id=716
WHAT INDUSTRIAL & SYSTEMS ENGINEERS DO
The most distinctive aspect of industrial and systems engineering is the flexibility it offers. Whether it's shortening a rollercoaster line, streamlining an operating room, distributing products worldwide, or manufacturing superior automobiles, these challenges share the common goal of saving companies money and increasing efficiencies.
As companies adopt management philosophies of continuous productivity and quality improvement to survive in the increasingly competitive world market, the need for industrial engineers is growing. Why? Industrial and systems engineers are the only engineering professionals trained specifically to be productivity and quality improvement specialists.
Industrial engineers figure out how to do things better. They engineer processes and systems that improve quality and productivity. They work to eliminate waste of time, money, materials, energy and other commodities.
ISEs make processes better (more productive) in the following ways:
More efficient and more profitable business practices
Improved efficiency
Increased ability to do more with less
Making work safer, faster, easier and more rewarding
Helping companies produce more products quickly
Reducing costs associated with new technologies
Industrial Engineering started with #productivity engineering and improvement of systems and processes. Cost reduction of engineering products through productivity improvement was pioneered by F.W. Taylor, Father of Industrial Engineering.
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